gwrthgyferbynnu
Welsh
editEtymology
editFrom gwrth- (“anti-, contra-”) + cyferbynnu (“to contrast, to oppose”).
Pronunciation
edit- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˌɡʊrθɡəvɛrˈbənɨ̞/, [ˌɡʊrθkəvɛrˈbənɨ̞]
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˌɡʊrθɡəvɛrˈbəni/, [ˌɡʊrθkəvɛrˈbəni]
- Rhymes: -ənɨ̞
Verb
editgwrthgyferbynnu (first-person singular present gwrthgyferbynnaf)
- to contrast, to compare (show the difference between things)
- Synonyms: cyferbynnu, gwahaniaethu
Conjugation
editConjugation (literary)
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | gwrthgyferbynna i, gwrthgyferbynnaf i | gwrthgyferbynni di | gwrthgyferbynnith o/e/hi, gwrthgyferbynniff e/hi | gwrthgyferbynnwn ni | gwrthgyferbynnwch chi | gwrthgyferbynnan nhw |
conditional | gwrthgyferbynnwn i, gwrthgyferbynnswn i | gwrthgyferbynnet ti, gwrthgyferbynnset ti | gwrthgyferbynnai fo/fe/hi, gwrthgyferbynnsai fo/fe/hi | gwrthgyferbynnen ni, gwrthgyferbynnsen ni | gwrthgyferbynnech chi, gwrthgyferbynnsech chi | gwrthgyferbynnen nhw, gwrthgyferbynnsen nhw |
preterite | gwrthgyferbynnais i, gwrthgyferbynnes i | gwrthgyferbynnaist ti, gwrthgyferbynnest ti | gwrthgyferbynnodd o/e/hi | gwrthgyferbynnon ni | gwrthgyferbynnoch chi | gwrthgyferbynnon nhw |
imperative | — | gwrthgyferbynna | — | — | gwrthgyferbynnwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Derived terms
edit- gwrthgyferbyniad (“antithesis, opposite”)
- gwrthgyferbyniol (“antithetical, opposite”)
Mutation
editWelsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gwrthgyferbynnu | wrthgyferbynnu | ngwrthgyferbynnu | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwrthgyferbynnu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies