jaque
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Portuguese jaca (“jackfruit”), from Malayalam ചക്ക (cakka) / Tamil சக்கை (cakkai).
Noun edit
jaque m or f (plural jaques)
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
- jaquier (“jackfruit tree”)
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Old French jaque; see there for more.
Noun edit
jaque m (plural jaques)
Further reading edit
- “jaque”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Usually linked to the given name Jacques; an alternative origin connects it with jaque (“coat of arms”), which is from Arabic شـَكّ (šakk, “breastplate”).
Noun edit
jaque oblique singular, m (oblique plural jaques, nominative singular jaques, nominative plural jaque)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Catalan: jaca
- French: jaque
- → German: Jacke
- → Middle English: jakke, jacke, jak, jake
- → Italian: giacca
- → Romanian: geacă
- → Venetian: xaca
From diminutive jaquet:
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Spanish xaque, from Arabic شاه (šāh, “shah; king chess piece”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /šāh/, “king”). Doublet of cheque and escaque (“chess tile”), the latter formerly meaning "(any) chess piece" as well.
To explain the unusual rendering of Arabic -h as /k/ (-que), Coromines and Pascual suggest influence from escaque instead. They also mention an alternative idea they find less likely where the sound [h] was exaggerated as [k], cf. Medieval Latin nichil [ˈnikil]. Yet another explanation (not in Coromines and Pascual) for the /k/ is that it is from Arabic شاهك šāh-ak ("your king"), especially as it is used to announce an upcoming attack onto the enemy's king. First attested in 1283 as dar xaque ("to threaten the enemy's king").
Noun edit
jaque m (plural jaques)
- (chess) check
- No oí bien cuando me dijo « ¡Jaque! »
- I didn't hear well when she said "Check!"
- jeopardy
- Vamos, no me pongas en jaque con esa pregunta repentina.
- C'mon, don't put me in jeopardy with that sudden question.
Derived terms edit
- jácaro (“dandy”)
- jaquear (“to check, to bother”)
- jaque mate (“checkmate”)
- tener en jaque (“to bully”)
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
jaque
- inflection of jaquir:
References edit
- Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “jaque”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 490
Further reading edit
- “jaque”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014