khổ công

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦工.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [xo˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [kʰow˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [xow˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [kʰow˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [xow˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

Adjective

khổ công

1. hard, labored, with much effort and concentration