labrusca
English edit
Etymology edit
From the species epithet in Vitis labrusca, from Latin labrusca.
Noun edit
labrusca (plural labruscas)
- The fox grape (Vitis labrusca).
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain:
- if the first vowel was short, possibly a compound of labrum (“lip”) + ūrō (“to burn”) + -ca, in reference to its acidity - notice the substitution of the first member with lambō (“to lick”). This is supported by several ancient grammarians; other grammarians also refer it to labrum, but in the meaning “edge of the field” where it was usually found;
- if the first vowel was long, possibly from lābor (“to glide down”), but this leaves the second element unexplained.
Compare laburnum (“golden chain”) and rūscum (“butcher's broom”) for possible contamination sources.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /laːˈbruːs.ka/, [ɫ̪äːˈbruːs̠kä] or IPA(key): /laˈbruːs.ka/, [ɫ̪äˈbruːs̠kä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /laˈbrus.ka/, [läˈbruskä]
Noun edit
lā̆brūsca f (genitive lā̆brūscae); first declension
- the plant of the woodland grape (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris)
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | lā̆brūsca | lā̆brūscae |
Genitive | lā̆brūscae | lā̆brūscārum |
Dative | lā̆brūscae | lā̆brūscīs |
Accusative | lā̆brūscam | lā̆brūscās |
Ablative | lā̆brūscā | lā̆brūscīs |
Vocative | lā̆brūsca | lā̆brūscae |
Derived terms edit
- lā̆brūscum (“its fruit”)
Descendants edit
Note that both elements are continued in two shapes: /la-/ vs /lam-/ and /ū/ vs. /u/; as well as in two genders.
- Romanian: lăuruscă
- Dalmatian: abastrain
- Italian: lambrusca, lambrusco
- Tuscan: abròsco, abròstolo, abròstine, abròstano
- Romanesco: ciambrusco
- Northern Italian: lambrosca
- Lombard: lambrüsch, lambrösch
- French: lambris, lambruche, lambrusque
- Franco-Provençal: lambrochi
- Occitan: lambrusca, lambrusc; lambrusco (Gascon)
- Catalan: llambrusca; llebruixea (Majorcan)
- Old Spanish: lambrusca, lambrusco
- → Albanian: larushkë, lërushkë
- → Catalan: labrusca (learned)
- → Portuguese: labrusca (learned)
- → Spanish: labrusca (learned)
References edit
- “labrusca” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
Further reading edit
- “labrusca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “labrusca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- labrusca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.