labor
English Edit
Alternative forms Edit
- labour (non-American spelling)
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
labor (countable and uncountable, plural labors)
Derived terms Edit
- affective labor
- anti-labor
- back labor
- belabor
- big labor
- bonded labor
- child labor
- day labor
- division of labor
- emotional labor
- forced labor
- hard labor
- introversive labor
- labor camp
- Labor Day
- laborer
- labor exchange
- labor force
- labor-intensive
- laborization
- labor law
- labor market
- labor of love
- labor pain
- labor relations
- labor share
- labor theory of value
- labor the point
- labor union
- labor value theory
- labor-value theory
- manual labor
- means of labor
- micro-labor
- prison labor
- slave labor
- stoop labor
- subject of labor
- touch labor
- wage labor
Related terms Edit
Verb Edit
labor (third-person singular simple present labors, present participle laboring, simple past and past participle labored)
Anagrams Edit
Catalan Edit
Etymology Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
labor m (plural labors)
Hungarian Edit
Etymology Edit
Borrowed from German Labor.[1]
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
labor (plural laborok)
- (informal) laboratory
- Synonym: laboratórium
Declension Edit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | labor | laborok |
accusative | labort | laborokat |
dative | labornak | laboroknak |
instrumental | laborral | laborokkal |
causal-final | laborért | laborokért |
translative | laborrá | laborokká |
terminative | laborig | laborokig |
essive-formal | laborként | laborokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | laborban | laborokban |
superessive | laboron | laborokon |
adessive | labornál | laboroknál |
illative | laborba | laborokba |
sublative | laborra | laborokra |
allative | laborhoz | laborokhoz |
elative | laborból | laborokból |
delative | laborról | laborokról |
ablative | labortól | laboroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
laboré | laboroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
laboréi | laborokéi |
Possessive forms of labor | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | laborom | laborjaim |
2nd person sing. | laborod | laborjaid |
3rd person sing. | laborja | laborjai |
1st person plural | laborunk | laborjaink |
2nd person plural | laborotok | laborjaitok |
3rd person plural | laborjuk | laborjaik |
References Edit
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Latin Edit
Etymology 1 Edit
From Old Latin labōs, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root *lebʰ- (“to seize, take”), whence Sanskrit लभते (labhate, “take, gain”) and Lithuanian lõbis (“wealth”). More commonly connected with labō (“I totter”)[1] (see Etymology 2 below), but this is rejected by de Vaan, who however provides no alternative.[2] The semantic connection is weak in either case.
Alternative forms Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈla.bor/, [ˈɫ̪äbɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈla.bor/, [ˈläːbor]
Noun Edit
labor m (genitive labōris); third declension
- work
- labor, toil, exertion
- (chiefly poetic) hardship, trouble, fatigue, suffering, drudgery, distress
- illness
- Synonyms: aegritūdō, morbus, malum, pestis, incommodum, valētūdō, infirmitas
- Antonyms: salūs, valētūdō
- the pain accompanying childbirth, labor
Declension Edit
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | labor | labōrēs |
Genitive | labōris | labōrum |
Dative | labōrī | labōribus |
Accusative | labōrem | labōrēs |
Ablative | labōre | labōribus |
Vocative | labor | labōrēs |
Derived terms Edit
Descendants Edit
Etymology 2 Edit
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₂b- (“to hang loosely, be weak”). Cognate with labō, English sleep.
Pronunciation Edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈlaː.bor/, [ˈɫ̪äːbɔr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈla.bor/, [ˈläːbor]
Verb Edit
lābor (present infinitive lābī, perfect active lāpsus sum); third conjugation, deponent
- I slip, slide, glide
- I fall, sink down
- I slip, stumble
- I vanish, pass away, elapse, escape
- Synonyms: fugiō, effugiō, ēvādō, refugiō, cōnfugiō, diffugiō, aufugiō, prōfugiō, āvolō, ēripiō, ēlābor
- I am mistaken, am wrong, err, commit a fault
Conjugation Edit
This verb takes the future passive participle lābundus instead of *lābendus.
Conjugation of lābor (third conjugation, deponent) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | lābor | lāberis, lābere |
lābitur | lābimur | lābiminī | lābuntur |
imperfect | lābēbar | lābēbāris, lābēbāre |
lābēbātur | lābēbāmur | lābēbāminī | lābēbantur | |
future | lābar | lābēris, lābēre |
lābētur | lābēmur | lābēminī | lābentur | |
perfect | lāpsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | lāpsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | lāpsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | lābar | lābāris, lābāre |
lābātur | lābāmur | lābāminī | lābantur |
imperfect | lāberer | lāberēris, lāberēre |
lāberētur | lāberēmur | lāberēminī | lāberentur | |
perfect | lāpsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | lāpsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | lābere | — | — | lābiminī | — |
future | — | lābitor | lābitor | — | — | lābuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | lābī | lāpsum esse | lāpsūrum esse | — | — | — | |
participles | lābēns | lāpsus | lāpsūrus | — | — | lābendus, lābundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
lābendī | lābendō | lābendum | lābendō | lāpsum | lāpsū |
Derived terms Edit
Descendants Edit
- English: lapse
References Edit
- “labor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “labor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- labor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to exert oneself very energetically in a matter: multum operae ac laboris consumere in aliqua re
- the matter involves much labour and fatigue: res est multi laboris et sudoris
- to spare no pains: labori, operae non parcere
- not to leave off work for an instant: nullum tempus a labore intermittere
- to spare oneself the trouble of the voyage: labore supersedēre (itineris) (Fam. 4. 2. 4)
- capable of exertion: patiens laboris
- lazy: fugiens laboris
- to take a false step: per errorem labi, or simply labi
- to make a slip of the memory: memoriā labi
- to make a mistake in writing: labi in scribendo
- immorality is daily gaining ground: mores in dies magis labuntur (also with ad, e.g. ad mollitiem)
- (ambiguous) to drain the cup of sorrow: omnes labores exanclare
- (ambiguous) rest after toil is sweet: acti labores iucundi (proverb.)
- to exert oneself very energetically in a matter: multum operae ac laboris consumere in aliqua re
- labor in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
References Edit
- ^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “labor”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 320
Anagrams Edit
Spanish Edit
Etymology Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
labor f (plural labores)
Derived terms Edit
Related terms Edit
Further reading Edit
- “labor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014