muñcati
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Sanskrit मुञ्चति (muñcati).
The use of the active form with passive meaning has been attributed to a similarity at some point of writings of the conjuncts 'cc' and 'ñc'.[1]
Although printed Pali uses touching letters for the most part and restricts conjuncts to those with ය (ya) and ර (ra) and those which remove the right hand portion of ක (ka), ත (ta) and න (na), much greater use of conjuncts has been made in manuscripts. Thus it is reported[2] that there is a ligature for 'cc' (but ඩ (ḍa)) as well as for 'ñc' namely ඤ්ච (ñca). Now, the latter is formed by prefixing sanyaka, which can denote a nasal sound or else gemination, and it is possible that we have a conflict in usage. For consonants other than palatals, sanyaka seems to denote a nasal only for the voiced unaspirated stop.
Verb edit
muñcati (root muc, second conjugation)
- to loose[1][3]
- to release[1][3]
- to dismiss,[3] to give up,[3] to abandon,[3] to omit[3]
- to send forth[1][3]
- passive of muñcati[1]
Conjugation edit
| Active | Middle | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Present | ||||
| 1st | muñcāmi | muñcāma | muñce | muñcāmhe |
| 2nd | muñcasi | muñcatha | muñcase | muñcavhe |
| 3rd | muñcati | muñcanti | muñcate | muñcante or muñcare |
| Imperative | ||||
| 1st | muñcāmi | muñcāma | muñce | muñcāmase |
| 2nd | muñca or muñcāhi | muñcatha | muñcassu | muñcavho |
| 3rd | muñcatu | muñcantu | muñcataṃ | muñcantaṃ |
| Optative | ||||
| 1st | muñceyyāmi or muñceyyaṃ or muñce | muñceyyāma | muñceyyaṃ | muñceyyāmhe |
| 2nd | muñceyyāsi or muñce | muñceyyātha | muñcetho | muñceyyavho |
| 3rd | muñceyya or muñce | muñceyyuṃ | muñcetha | muñceraṃ |
| Aorist | ||||
| 1st | amuñciṃ or muñciṃ | amuñcimha or muñcimha | ||
| 2nd | amuñci or muñci | amuñcittha or muñcittha | ||
| 3rd | amuñci or muñci | amuñciṃsu or muñciṃsu | ||
- Present active participle: muñcant, which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: muñcamāna, which see for forms and usage
- Past participle: mutta, which see for forms and usage
- Passive: muccati, which see for forms and usage.
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “muñcati”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
- ^ Gunasékera, Abraham Mendis (1891) A Comprehensive Grammar of the Sinhalese Language, Sri Lanka Sahitya Mandalaya; reprinted 1962, page 13: “In Pali writings the compounds ඩ and ඞ often occur. ඩ = ච්ච chcha and ඞ = බ්බ bba, and are respectively called Páli chayanna පාළි චයන්න and Sabba bayanna සබ්බ බයන්න, in contradistinction to ඩ ḍa and ඞ ṅa, which are alike in form.”
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 251.