paenula

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin paenula.

Noun

paenula (plural paenulas or paenulae)

1. (historical) A kind of woollen cloak or mantle used by Romans, worn on journeys and in rainy weather.
   • 1999, Glen Warren Bowersock, Peter Brown, Oleg Grabar, Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 381:

     The paenula, another type of cloak, was less bulky. It was triangular, closed in front, and had a V-shaped opening for the head. The paenula, being a garment designed for travelers, was shorter than the lacerna and the pallium.

   • 2002, Barbara Dee Baumgarten, Vestments for All Seasons, Church Publishing, Inc., →ISBN, page 17:

     The Romans were punctilious about dress and distinguished between the paenula of the poor, the toga worn by Roman citizens, and the chlamys, the short cloak worn by soldiers. While accessible to all first-century Romans, the paenula was […]

2. A chasuble, especially in its older form.

Anagrams

• Paulena

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φαινόλη (phainólē).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpae̯.nu.la/, [ˈpäe̯nʊɫ̪ä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.nu.la/, [ˈpɛːnulä]

Noun

paenula f (genitive paenulae); first declension

1. A kind of sleeveless cloak or mantle with an opening for the head, worn on journeys or in rainy weather.
2. (by extension) A covering, cover, envelope, protection.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	paenula	paenulae
Genitive	paenulae	paenulārum
Dative	paenulae	paenulīs
Accusative	paenulam	paenulās
Ablative	paenulā	paenulīs
Vocative	paenula	paenulae

Derived terms

• paenulārius
• paenulātus
• paenuleus

Descendants

• English: paenula
• French: pénule
• Italian: penula
• Romanian: pănură

References

• “paenula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paenula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• paenula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “paenula”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “paenula”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin