passivus

Latin

Etymology

From patior (“to endure”) +‎ -īvus (adjective suffix). In the grammatical sense, it is a calque of Ancient Greek παθητικός (pathētikós).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /pasˈsiː.u̯us/, [päs̠ˈs̠iːu̯ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pasˈsi.vus/, [päsˈsiːvus]

Adjective

passīvus (feminine passīva, neuter passīvum, adverb passīvē); first/second-declension adjective

1. subject to passion or emotion
2. (grammar) passive (of a verb)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	passīvus	passīva	passīvum		passīvī	passīvae	passīva
Genitive	passīvī	passīvae	passīvī		passīvōrum	passīvārum	passīvōrum
Dative	passīvō		passīvō		passīvīs
Accusative	passīvum	passīvam	passīvum		passīvōs	passīvās	passīva
Ablative	passīvō	passīvā	passīvō		passīvīs
Vocative	passīve	passīva	passīvum		passīvī	passīvae	passīva

Derived terms

• passīvē

Descendants

• → Catalan: passiu
• → Danish: passiv
• → English: passive
• → French: passif
  • → Turkish: pasif
• → German: passiv
• → Italian: passivo
• → Portuguese: passivo
• → Russian: пасси́вный (passívnyj)
• → Spanish: pasivo
• → Swedish: passiv

References

• “passivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• passivus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• passivus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.