plafonner
French edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
plafonner
- (transitive) to cap (put an upper limit on)
- (intransitive) to reach one's upper limit
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of plafonner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | plafonner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | plafonnant /pla.fɔ.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | plafonné /pla.fɔ.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | plafonne /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonnes /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonne /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonnons /pla.fɔ.nɔ̃/ |
plafonnez /pla.fɔ.ne/ |
plafonnent /pla.fɔn/ |
| imperfect | plafonnais /pla.fɔ.nɛ/ |
plafonnais /pla.fɔ.nɛ/ |
plafonnait /pla.fɔ.nɛ/ |
plafonnions /pla.fɔ.njɔ̃/ |
plafonniez /pla.fɔ.nje/ |
plafonnaient /pla.fɔ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | plafonnai /pla.fɔ.ne/ |
plafonnas /pla.fɔ.na/ |
plafonna /pla.fɔ.na/ |
plafonnâmes /pla.fɔ.nam/ |
plafonnâtes /pla.fɔ.nat/ |
plafonnèrent /pla.fɔ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | plafonnerai /pla.fɔn.ʁe/ |
plafonneras /pla.fɔn.ʁa/ |
plafonnera /pla.fɔn.ʁa/ |
plafonnerons /pla.fɔn.ʁɔ̃/ |
plafonnerez /pla.fɔn.ʁe/ |
plafonneront /pla.fɔn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | plafonnerais /pla.fɔn.ʁɛ/ |
plafonnerais /pla.fɔn.ʁɛ/ |
plafonnerait /pla.fɔn.ʁɛ/ |
plafonnerions /pla.fɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
plafonneriez /pla.fɔ.nə.ʁje/ |
plafonneraient /pla.fɔn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | plafonne /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonnes /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonne /pla.fɔn/ |
plafonnions /pla.fɔ.njɔ̃/ |
plafonniez /pla.fɔ.nje/ |
plafonnent /pla.fɔn/ |
| imperfect2 | plafonnasse /pla.fɔ.nas/ |
plafonnasses /pla.fɔ.nas/ |
plafonnât /pla.fɔ.na/ |
plafonnassions /pla.fɔ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
plafonnassiez /pla.fɔ.na.sje/ |
plafonnassent /pla.fɔ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | plafonne /pla.fɔn/ |
— | plafonnons /pla.fɔ.nɔ̃/ |
plafonnez /pla.fɔ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “plafonner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.