rhuthro
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From rhuthr (“rush”, noun) + -o,[1] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to hurry”).[2] Cognate with Middle Irish rúatharaigid (“makes a rush or onset”),[3] from rúathar, rúathur m (“onrush, onset, attack”).[4]
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈr̥ɨ̞θrɔ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈr̥ɪθrɔ/
Verb edit
rhuthro (first-person singular present rhuthraf)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | rhuthraf | rhuthri | rhuthra | rhuthrwn | rhuthrwch | rhuthrant | rhuthrir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
rhuthrwn | rhuthrit | rhuthrai | rhuthrem | rhuthrech | rhuthrent | rhuthrid | |
preterite | rhuthrais | rhuthraist | rhuthrodd | rhuthrasom | rhuthrasoch | rhuthrasant | rhuthrwyd | |
pluperfect | rhuthraswn | rhuthrasit | rhuthrasai | rhuthrasem | rhuthrasech | rhuthrasent | rhuthrasid, rhuthresid | |
present subjunctive | rhuthrwyf | rhuthrych | rhuthro | rhuthrom | rhuthroch | rhuthront | rhuthrer | |
imperative | — | rhuthra | rhuthred | rhuthrwn | rhuthrwch | rhuthrent | rhuthrer | |
verbal noun | rhuthro | |||||||
verbal adjectives | rhuthradwy |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | rhuthra i, rhuthraf i | rhuthri di | rhuthrith o/e/hi, rhuthriff e/hi | rhuthrwn ni | rhuthrwch chi | rhuthran nhw |
conditional | rhuthrwn i | rhuthret ti | rhuthrai fo/fe/hi | rhuthren ni | rhuthrech chi | rhuthren nhw |
preterite | rhuthrais i, rhuthres i | rhuthraist ti, rhuthrest ti | rhuthrodd o/e/hi | rhuthron ni | rhuthroch chi | rhuthron nhw |
imperative | — | rhuthra | — | — | rhuthrwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
rhuthro | ruthro | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “rhuthro”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “rhuthr”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rúatharaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rúathar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language