surkastaa
Finnish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editVerb
editsurkastaa
- (transitive) to constrict
Conjugation
editInflection of surkastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | surkastan | en surkasta | 1st sing. | olen surkastanut | en ole surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | surkastat | et surkasta | 2nd sing. | olet surkastanut | et ole surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | surkastaa | ei surkasta | 3rd sing. | on surkastanut | ei ole surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | surkastamme | emme surkasta | 1st plur. | olemme surkastaneet | emme ole surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | surkastatte | ette surkasta | 2nd plur. | olette surkastaneet | ette ole surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | surkastavat | eivät surkasta | 3rd plur. | ovat surkastaneet | eivät ole surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | surkastetaan | ei surkasteta | passive | on surkastettu | ei ole surkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | surkastin | en surkastanut | 1st sing. | olin surkastanut | en ollut surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | surkastit | et surkastanut | 2nd sing. | olit surkastanut | et ollut surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | surkasti | ei surkastanut | 3rd sing. | oli surkastanut | ei ollut surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | surkastimme | emme surkastaneet | 1st plur. | olimme surkastaneet | emme olleet surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | surkastitte | ette surkastaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte surkastaneet | ette olleet surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | surkastivat | eivät surkastaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat surkastaneet | eivät olleet surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | surkastettiin | ei surkastettu | passive | oli surkastettu | ei ollut surkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | surkastaisin | en surkastaisi | 1st sing. | olisin surkastanut | en olisi surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | surkastaisit | et surkastaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit surkastanut | et olisi surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | surkastaisi | ei surkastaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi surkastanut | ei olisi surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | surkastaisimme | emme surkastaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme surkastaneet | emme olisi surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | surkastaisitte | ette surkastaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte surkastaneet | ette olisi surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | surkastaisivat | eivät surkastaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat surkastaneet | eivät olisi surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | surkastettaisiin | ei surkastettaisi | passive | olisi surkastettu | ei olisi surkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | surkasta | älä surkasta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | surkastakoon | älköön surkastako | 3rd sing. | olkoon surkastanut | älköön olko surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | surkastakaamme | älkäämme surkastako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | surkastakaa | älkää surkastako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | surkastakoot | älkööt surkastako | 3rd plur. | olkoot surkastaneet | älkööt olko surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | surkastettakoon | älköön surkastettako | passive | olkoon surkastettu | älköön olko surkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | surkastanen | en surkastane | 1st sing. | lienen surkastanut | en liene surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | surkastanet | et surkastane | 2nd sing. | lienet surkastanut | et liene surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | surkastanee | ei surkastane | 3rd sing. | lienee surkastanut | ei liene surkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | surkastanemme | emme surkastane | 1st plur. | lienemme surkastaneet | emme liene surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | surkastanette | ette surkastane | 2nd plur. | lienette surkastaneet | ette liene surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | surkastanevat | eivät surkastane | 3rd plur. | lienevät surkastaneet | eivät liene surkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | surkastettaneen | ei surkastettane | passive | lienee surkastettu | ei liene surkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | surkastaa | present | surkastava | surkastettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | surkastanut | surkastettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | surkastaessa | surkastettaessa | agent4 | surkastama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | surkastamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | surkastaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | surkastamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | surkastamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | surkastamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | surkastamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | surkastamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | surkastaman | surkastettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | surkastaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
editRelated terms
edit- surkastua (intransitive)
Further reading
edit- “surkastaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03