See also: trudny

Czech

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old Czech trudný, from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud +‎ -ný.

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

trudný (comparative trudnější, superlative nejtrudnější, adverb trudně)

  1. (literary) sad, mournful, gloomy
    Synonyms: chmurný, smutný, truchlivý
  2. (somewhat dated) difficult, hard (full of toil)

Declension

edit

Further reading

edit
  • trudný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • trudný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • trudný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Old Czech

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud +‎ -ný.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈtrudnɨː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈtrudniː/, /ˈtrudnɛj/

Adjective

edit

trudný (short truden)

  1. difficult, hard, strenuous
  2. sick; sad; poor

Declension

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Czech: trudný

References

edit

Old Slovak

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud +‎ -ný. First attested in 1697.

Adjective

edit

trudný

  1. hard, difficult, strenuous, demanding
  2. sad, gloomy

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  • Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “trudný”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Slovak

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old Slovak trudný, from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud +‎ -ný.

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

trudný (literary)

  1. sad gloomy
  2. hard, difficult, strenuous, demanding

Declension

edit

Further reading

edit
  • trudný”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024