Wiktionary

sad

See also: SAD, säd, sąd, sáð, and сад

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“sated, full”), from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /sæd/
  • Audio (US)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -æd

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadder or more sad, superlative saddest or most sad)

  1. (heading) Emotionally negative.
    1. Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
      She gets sad when he's away.
    2. Appearing sorrowful.
      The puppy had a sad little face.
    3. Causing sorrow; lamentable.
      It's a sad fact that most rapes go unreported.
      • 1911, G. K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse
        The Great Gaels of Ireland are the men that God made mad, / For all their wars are merry and all their songs are sad.
      • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, OCLC 483591931, page 249:
        The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.
    4. Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor.
      That's the saddest-looking pickup truck I've ever seen.
    5. Of colours: dark, deep; later, sombre, dull.
      • 1650, Thomas Browne, “Compendiously of Sundry Other Common Tenents, Concerning Minerall and Terreous Bodies, Which Examined, Prove Either False or Dubious”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A. Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], OCLC 152706203, 2nd book, page 69:
        […] this is either uſed crude, and called ſulphur vive, and is of a ſadder colour; or after depuration, ſuch as we have in magdeleons or rols of a lighter yellow.
      • 1679, Izaak Walton, The Life of Bishop Robert Sanderson
        sad-coloured clothes
      • 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, OCLC 13320837:
        Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of many colours, especially all sad colours.
  2. (obsolete) Sated, having had one's fill; satisfied, weary.
  3. (obsolete) Steadfast, valiant.
  4. (obsolete) Dignified, serious, grave.
  5. (obsolete) Naughty; troublesome; wicked.
    • 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:
      Mr. Santon laughed, and merely said,—"Oh, you cruel beauty!" returning to his paper again; but, seated in the bay-window was one, who could not thus lightly look upon the conduct of the coquettish Winnie, for it was evident she was a sad coquette.
    • 1860, Isaac Taylor, Ultimate Civilization
      Sad tipsy fellows, both of them.
  6. (slang) Unfashionable; socially inadequate or undesirable.
    I can't believe you use drugs; you're so sad!
  7. (dialect) Soggy (to refer to pastries).
  8. (obsolete) Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard.
    sad bread
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
dialect: soggy — see soggy
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Further readingEdit

VerbEdit

sad (third-person singular simple present sads, present participle sadding, simple past and past participle sadded)

  1. (transitive, archaic) To make melancholy; to sadden or grieve (someone).
    • 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
      My father's wondrous pensive, and withal / With a suppress'd rage left his house displeas'd, / And so in post is hurried to the camp: / It sads me much; to expel which melancholy, / I have sent for company.

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

sad (plural sads)

  1. Alternative form of saad (“Arabic letter”)

AnagramsEdit

CebuanoEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Hyphenation: sad

AdverbEdit

sad

  1. (focus) also; too
  2. (after a negative) either

CzechEdit

 
Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m

  1. orchard

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadů
dative sadu sadům
accusative sad sady
vocative sade sady
locative sadu, sadě sadech
instrumental sadem sady

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • sad in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • sad in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

DanishEdit

VerbEdit

sad

  1. past tense of sidde

GothicEdit

RomanizationEdit

sad

  1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌳

LivonianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *sato.

NounEdit

sad

  1. precipitation (hail, rain, snow)

Lower SorbianEdit

 
sad

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m

  1. fruit (food)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular (uncountable)
Nominative sad
Genitive sada
Dative sadoju
Accusative sad
Instrumental sadom
Locative saźe

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)

  1. sated, weary (having had enough) [from 9th c.]
  2. firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
    1. steady, enduring
    2. intense, powerful, severe
    3. secure (inspiring trust)
    4. dense, thick, tightly-packed
  3. considered, thoughtful, serious [from 14th c.]
  4. sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from 14th c.]
  5. authentic, true, genuine [from 15th c.]
  6. (of colors) dark, deep [from 15th c.]
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
  • English: sad
  • Scots: sad

ReferencesEdit

AdverbEdit

sad (comparative saddere)

  1. firmly, solidly, steadily
  2. strongly, intensely
  3. seriously, consideredly
  4. sadly (in a sorrowful way)
DescendantsEdit
  • English: sad (dialectal)
  • Scots: sad

ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

sad

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of seed (“seed”)

Etymology 3Edit

VerbEdit

sad

  1. Alternative form of saden

Old SaxonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadoro, superlative sadost)

  1. full, sated, satiated
  2. weary

DeclensionEdit

Positive forms of sad
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sad sade sad sade sad sadu
accusative sadana sade sad sade sada sadu
genitive sades sadarō sades sadarō sadaro sadarō
dative sadumu sadum sadumu sadum sadaro sadum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sado sadu sada sadu sada sadu
accusative sadun sadun sada sadun sadun sadun
genitive sadun sadonō sadun sadonō sadun sadonō
dative sadun sadum sadun sadum sadun sadum
Comparative forms of sad (weak only)
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadoro sadoru sadora sadoru sadora sadoru
accusative sadorun sadorun sadora sadorun sadorun sadorun
genitive sadorun sadoronō sadorun sadoronō sadorun sadoronō
dative sadorun sadorum sadorun sadorum sadorun sadorum
Superlative forms of sad
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadost sadoste sadost sadoste sadost sadostu
accusative sadostana sadoste sadost sadoste sadosta sadostu
genitive sadostes sadostarō sadostes sadostarō sadostaro sadostarō
dative sadostumu sadostum sadostumu sadostum sadostaro sadostum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadosto sadostu sadosta sadostu sadosta sadostu
accusative sadostun sadostun sadosta sadostun sadostun sadostun
genitive sadostun sadostonō sadostun sadostonō sadostun sadostonō
dative sadostun sadostum sadostun sadostum sadostun sadostum


DescendantsEdit

  • Middle Low German sat

PolishEdit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m inan (diminutive sadek)

  1. orchard

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadów
dative sadowi sadom
accusative sad sady
instrumental sadem sadami
locative sadzie sadach
vocative sadzie sady

Related termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • sad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • sad in Polish dictionaries at PWN

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ).

NounEdit

sad n (plural saduri)

  1. (dated) orchard

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) sad sadul (niște) saduri sadurile
genitive/dative (unui) sad sadului (unor) saduri sadurilor
vocative sadule sadurilor

ScotsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English sæd.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadder, superlative saddest)

  1. grave, serious
  2. strange, remarkable
  3. sad

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *sьda, *sьgoda.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

sȁd (Cyrillic spelling са̏д)

  1. now
  2. currently
  3. presently

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *saditi (“to plant”). Compare Serbo-Croatian saditi and Russian сад (sad)

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sȃd m (Cyrillic spelling са̑д)

  1. plant nursery, plantation, orchard (specialized facility rather than a home garden)
  2. a seeding or sapling from a plant nursery
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sadovi
genitive sada sadova
dative sadu sadovima
accusative sada sadove
vocative sadu sadovi
locative sadu sadovima
instrumental sadem sadovima

ReferencesEdit

  • “sad” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “sad” in Hrvatski jezični portal

SlovakEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m (genitive singular sadu, nominative plural sady, genitive plural sadov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. garden, orchard, plantation

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadov
dative sadu sadom
accusative sad sady
locative sade sadoch
instrumental sadom sadmi

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • sad in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

SloveneEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sȃd m inan

  1. fruit

InflectionEdit

Masculine inan., hard o-stem, mobile accent, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing. sád
gen. sing. sadú
singular dual plural
nominative sád sadôva sadôvi
accusative sád sadôva sadôve
genitive sadú sadôv sadôv
dative sádu sadôvoma sadôvom
locative sádu sadôvih sadôvih
instrumental sádom sadôvoma sadôvi
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. sád
gen. sing. sáda
singular dual plural
nominative sád sáda sádi
accusative sád sáda sáde
genitive sáda sádov sádov
dative sádu sádoma sádom
locative sádu sádih sádih
instrumental sádom sádoma sádi

Further readingEdit

  • “sad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

WakhiEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare Tajik сад (sad).

NumeralEdit

sad

  1. hundred
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