Wiktionary

sad

See also: SAD, säd, sąd, sáð, and сад

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“sated, full”), from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /sæd/
  • Audio (US)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -æd

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadder or more sad, superlative saddest or most sad)

  1. (heading) Emotionally negative.
    1. Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
      She gets sad when he's away.
      • c. 1590–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:
        First were we sad, fearing you would not come; / Now sadder, that you come so unprovided.
      • (Can we date this quote by John Milton and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
        The angelic guards ascended, mute and sad.
    2. Appearing sorrowful.
      The puppy had a sad little face.
    3. Causing sorrow; lamentable.
      It's a sad fact that most rapes go unreported.
      • (Can we date this quote by G. K. Chesterton and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
        The Great Gaels of Ireland are the men that God made mad, / For all their wars are merry and all their songs are sad.
      • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess‎[1]:
        The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.
    4. Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor.
      That's the saddest-looking pickup truck I've ever seen.
      • 1819, Lord Byron, Don Juan, II.127:
        Heaven knows what cash he got, or blood he spilt, / A sad old fellow was he, if you please […].
    5. Of colours: dark, deep; later, sombre, dull.
      • 1646, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, II.5:
        this is either used crude, and called Sulphur Vive, and is of a sadder colour; or after depuration, such as we have in magdeleons of rolls, of a lighter yellow.
      • (Can we date this quote by Izaak Walton and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
        sad-coloured clothes
      • {{rfdatek|en|John Mortimer]
        Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of all sad colours.
  2. (obsolete) Sated, having had one's fill; satisfied, weary.
  3. (obsolete) Steadfast, valiant.
  4. (obsolete) Dignified, serious, grave.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto IX:
      Vprose Sir Guyon, in bright armour clad, / And to his purposd iourney him prepar'd: / With him the Palmer eke in habit sad, / Him selfe addrest to that aduenture hard […]
    • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
      ripe and sad courage
    • (Can we date this quote by John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
      which treaty was wisely handled by sad and discrete counsel of both parties
  5. (obsolete) Naughty; troublesome; wicked.
    • (Can we date this quote by Isaac Taylor and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
      Sad tipsy fellows, both of them.
    • 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds
      Mr. Santon laughed, and merely said,—"Oh, you cruel beauty!" returning to his paper again; but, seated in the bay-window was one, who could not thus lightly look upon the conduct of the coquettish Winnie, for it was evident she was a sad coquette.
  6. (slang) Unfashionable; socially inadequate or undesirable.
    I can't believe you use drugs; you're so sad!
  7. (dialect) Soggy (to refer to pastries).
  8. (obsolete) Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard.
    sad bread
    • (Can we date this quote by Edmund Spenser and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)
      his hand, more sad than lump of lead
    • {{rfdatek|en|John Mortimer]
      Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad.
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
dialect: soggy — see soggy
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked
Further readingEdit

VerbEdit

sad (third-person singular simple present sads, present participle sadding, simple past and past participle sadded)

  1. (transitive, archaic) To make melancholy; to sadden or grieve (someone).
    • 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
      My father's wondrous pensive, and withal / With a suppress'd rage left his house displeas'd, / And so in post is hurried to the camp: / It sads me much; to expel which melancholy, / I have sent for company.

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

sad (plural sads)

  1. Alternative form of saad (“Arabic letter”)

AnagramsEdit

CebuanoEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Hyphenation: sad

AdverbEdit

sad

  1. (focus) also; too
  2. (after a negative) either

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m

  1. orchard

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadů
dative sadu sadům
accusative sad sady
vocative sade sady
locative sadu, sadě sadech
instrumental sadem sady

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

DanishEdit

VerbEdit

sad

  1. past tense of sidde

GothicEdit

RomanizationEdit

sad

  1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌳

LivonianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *sadek.

NounEdit

sad

  1. precipitation (hail, rain, snow)

Lower SorbianEdit

 
sad

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m

  1. fruit (food)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular (uncountable)
Nominative sad
Genitive sada
Dative sadoju
Accusative sad
Instrumental sadom
Locative saźe

Old SaxonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadoro, superlative sadost)

  1. full, sated, satiated
  2. weary

DeclensionEdit

Positive forms of sad
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sad sade sad sade sad sadu
accusative sadana sade sad sade sada sadu
genitive sades sadarō sades sadarō sadaro sadarō
dative sadumu sadum sadumu sadum sadaro sadum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sado sadu sada sadu sada sadu
accusative sadun sadun sada sadun sadun sadun
genitive sadun sadonō sadun sadonō sadun sadonō
dative sadun sadum sadun sadum sadun sadum
Comparative forms of sad (weak only)
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadoro sadoru sadora sadoru sadora sadoru
accusative sadorun sadorun sadora sadorun sadorun sadorun
genitive sadorun sadoronō sadorun sadoronō sadorun sadoronō
dative sadorun sadorum sadorun sadorum sadorun sadorum
Superlative forms of sad
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadost sadoste sadost sadoste sadost sadostu
accusative sadostana sadoste sadost sadoste sadosta sadostu
genitive sadostes sadostarō sadostes sadostarō sadostaro sadostarō
dative sadostumu sadostum sadostumu sadostum sadostaro sadostum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sadosto sadostu sadosta sadostu sadosta sadostu
accusative sadostun sadostun sadosta sadostun sadostun sadostun
genitive sadostun sadostonō sadostun sadostonō sadostun sadostonō
dative sadostun sadostum sadostun sadostum sadostun sadostum


DescendantsEdit

  • Middle Low German sat

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m inan (diminutive sadek)

  1. orchard

DeclensionEdit

declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadów
dative sadowi sadom
accusative sad sady
instrumental sadem sadami
locative sadzie sadach
vocative sadzie sady

Related termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • sad in Polish dictionaries at PWN

ScotsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English sæd.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sad (comparative sadder, superlative saddest)

  1. grave, serious
  2. strange, remarkable
  3. sad

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *sьda, *sьgoda.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

sȁd (Cyrillic spelling са̏д)

  1. now
  2. currently
  3. presently

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *saditi (“to plant”). Compare Serbo-Croatian saditi and Russian сад (sad)

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sȃd m (Cyrillic spelling са̑д)

  1. plant nursery, plantation, orchard (specialized facility rather than a home garden)
  2. a seeding or sapling from a plant nursery
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sadovi
genitive sada sadova
dative sadu sadovima
accusative sada sadove
vocative sadu sadovi
locative sadu sadovima
instrumental sadem sadovima

ReferencesEdit

  • “sad” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • “sad” in Hrvatski jezični portal

SlovakEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sad m (genitive singular sadu, nominative plural sady, genitive plural sadov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. garden, orchard, plantation

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sad
singular plural
nominative sad sady
genitive sadu sadov
dative sadu sadom
accusative sad sady
locative sade sadoch
instrumental sadom sadmi

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • sad in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

SloveneEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sȃd m inan

  1. fruit

InflectionEdit

Masculine inan., hard o-stem, mobile accent, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing. sád
gen. sing. sadú
singular dual plural
nominative sád sadôva sadôvi
accusative sád sadôva sadôve
genitive sadú sadôv sadôv
dative sádu sadôvoma sadôvom
locative sádu sadôvih sadôvih
instrumental sádom sadôvoma sadôvi
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. sád
gen. sing. sáda
singular dual plural
nominative sád sáda sádi
accusative sád sáda sáde
genitive sáda sádov sádov
dative sádu sádoma sádom
locative sádu sádih sádih
instrumental sádom sádoma sádi

WakhiEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare Tajik сад (sad).

NumeralEdit

sad

  1. hundred
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