sad
TranslingualEdit
SymbolEdit
sad
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“sated, full”), from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
sad (comparative sadder or more sad, superlative saddest or most sad)
- (heading) Emotionally negative.
- Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
- She gets sad when he's away.
- c. 1590–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 219, column 2:
- Firſt were we ſad, fearing you would not come, / Now ſadder that you come ſo vnprouided: […]
- 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554, line 18:
- […] Th’ Angelic Guards aſcended, mute and ſad […]
- Appearing sorrowful.
- The puppy had a sad little face.
- Causing sorrow; lamentable.
- It's a sad fact that most rapes go unreported.
- 1911, G. K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse
- The Great Gaels of Ireland are the men that God made mad, / For all their wars are merry and all their songs are sad.
- 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, OCLC 483591931, page 249:
- The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.
- Poor in quality, bad; shameful, deplorable; later, regrettable, poor.
- That's the saddest-looking pickup truck I've ever seen.
- 1819 July 15, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], OCLC 560103767, canto II, stanza CXXVII, page 182:
- Heaven knows what cash he got, or blood he spilt, / A sad old fellow was he, if you please […].
- Of colours: dark, deep; later, sombre, dull.
- 1650, Thomas Browne, “Compendiously of Sundry Other Common Tenents, Concerning Minerall and Terreous Bodies, Which Examined, Prove Either False or Dubious”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], OCLC 152706203, 2nd book, page 69:
- […] this is either uſed crude, and called ſulphur vive, and is of a ſadder colour; or after depuration, ſuch as we have in magdeleons or rols of a lighter yellow.
- 1679, Izaak Walton, The Life of Bishop Robert Sanderson
- sad-coloured clothes
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, OCLC 13320837:
- Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of many colours, especially all sad colours.
- Feeling sorrow; sorrowful, mournful.
- (obsolete) Sated, having had one's fill; satisfied, weary.
- (obsolete) Steadfast, valiant.
- 1593, anonymous, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:
- The fearefull newes that whilſt the flame doth but begin,
Sad pollicie may ſerue to quench the fire: […]
- (obsolete) Dignified, serious, grave.
- 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Clerke of Oxenfordes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], OCLC 230972125; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, OCLC 932884868, folio xlix, verso, line 4, column 2:
- […] ſadde and rype corage […]
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1509, Sebastian Brant, Alexander Barclay (translator), The Ship of Fools,
- Therfore it nedeth that better prouysion.
Were founde for youthe by sad and wyse counsayle
- Therfore it nedeth that better prouysion.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto XI, stanza 3, page 348:
- Vproſe Sir Guyon, in bright armour clad, / And to his purpoſd iourney him prepar'd: / With him the Palmer eke in habit ſad, / Him ſelfe addreſt to that aduenture hard: […]
- (obsolete) Naughty; troublesome; wicked.
- 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:
- Mr. Santon laughed, and merely said,—"Oh, you cruel beauty!" returning to his paper again; but, seated in the bay-window was one, who could not thus lightly look upon the conduct of the coquettish Winnie, for it was evident she was a sad coquette.
- 1860, Isaac Taylor, Ultimate Civilization
- Sad tipsy fellows, both of them.
- (slang) Unfashionable; socially inadequate or undesirable.
- I can't believe you use drugs; you're so sad!
- (dialect) Soggy (to refer to pastries).
- (obsolete) Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard.
- sad bread
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto VIII, stanza 30, page 299:
- […] his hand, more ſad then lomp of lead, […]
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, OCLC 13320837:
- Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad.
SynonymsEdit
- (feeling mentally uncomfortable): discomforted, distressed, uncomfortable, unhappy
- (low in spirits): depressed, down in the dumps, glum, melancholy
- (moving, full of feeling): poignant, touching
- (causing sorrow): lamentable
- (poor in quality): pitiful, sorry
- See also Thesaurus:sad
- See also Thesaurus:lamentable
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Further readingEdit
- “sad” in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- “sad” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
VerbEdit
sad (third-person singular simple present sads, present participle sadding, simple past and past participle sadded)
- (transitive, archaic) To make melancholy; to sadden or grieve (someone).
- 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
- My father's wondrous pensive, and withal / With a suppress'd rage left his house displeas'd, / And so in post is hurried to the camp: / It sads me much; to expel which melancholy, / I have sent for company.
- 16??, John Webster, Appius and Virginia
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
sad (plural sads)
- Alternative form of saad (“Arabic letter”)
AnagramsEdit
CebuanoEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Hyphenation: sad
AdverbEdit
sad
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Czech sad, from Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
NounEdit
sad m inan
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
NounEdit
sad
Further readingEdit
- sad in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- sad in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
DanishEdit
VerbEdit
sad
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
sad
- Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌳
LivonianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- (Courland) sa'd
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *sato.
NounEdit
sad
- precipitation (hail, rain, snow)
Lower SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *sadъ (“plant, garden”). Cognate with Upper Sorbian sad, Polish sad (“orchard”), Czech sad (“orchard”), Russian сад (sad, “orchard, garden”), Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ, “plant, garden”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sad m
- fruit (food)
DeclensionEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)
- sated, weary (having had enough) [from 9th c.]
- firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
- considered, thoughtful, serious [from 14th c.]
- sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from 14th c.]
- authentic, true, genuine [from 15th c.]
- (of colors) dark, deep [from 15th c.]
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “sā̆d, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
AdverbEdit
sad (comparative saddere)
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “sā̆d, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
sad
- (Early Middle English) Alternative form of seed (“seed”)
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
sad
- Alternative form of saden
Old SaxonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate, satisfy”).
AdjectiveEdit
sad (comparative sadoro, superlative sadost)
DeclensionEdit
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sad | sade | sad | sade | sad | sadu |
accusative | sadana | sade | sad | sade | sada | sadu |
genitive | sades | sadarō | sades | sadarō | sadaro | sadarō |
dative | sadumu | sadum | sadumu | sadum | sadaro | sadum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sado | sadu | sada | sadu | sada | sadu |
accusative | sadun | sadun | sada | sadun | sadun | sadun |
genitive | sadun | sadonō | sadun | sadonō | sadun | sadonō |
dative | sadun | sadum | sadun | sadum | sadun | sadum |
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadoro | sadoru | sadora | sadoru | sadora | sadoru |
accusative | sadorun | sadorun | sadora | sadorun | sadorun | sadorun |
genitive | sadorun | sadoronō | sadorun | sadoronō | sadorun | sadoronō |
dative | sadorun | sadorum | sadorun | sadorum | sadorun | sadorum |
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadost | sadoste | sadost | sadoste | sadost | sadostu |
accusative | sadostana | sadoste | sadost | sadoste | sadosta | sadostu |
genitive | sadostes | sadostarō | sadostes | sadostarō | sadostaro | sadostarō |
dative | sadostumu | sadostum | sadostumu | sadostum | sadostaro | sadostum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | sadosto | sadostu | sadosta | sadostu | sadosta | sadostu |
accusative | sadostun | sadostun | sadosta | sadostun | sadostun | sadostun |
genitive | sadostun | sadostonō | sadostun | sadostonō | sadostun | sadostonō |
dative | sadostun | sadostum | sadostun | sadostum | sadostun | sadostum |
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Low German sat
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sad m inan (diminutive sadek)
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- sad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- sad in Polish dictionaries at PWN
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Church Slavonic садъ (sadŭ).
NounEdit
sad n (plural saduri)
DeclensionEdit
ScotsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English sæd.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
sad (comparative sadder, superlative saddest)
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *sьda, *sьgoda.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
sȁd (Cyrillic spelling са̏д)
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Slavic *sadъ. Compare Russian сад (sad).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sȃd m (Cyrillic spelling са̑д)
- plant nursery, plantation, orchard (specialized facility rather than a home garden)
- a seeding or sapling from a plant nursery
DeclensionEdit
ReferencesEdit
SlovakEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *sadъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sad m (genitive singular sadu, nominative plural sady, genitive plural sadov, declension pattern of dub)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- sad in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
SloveneEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
sȃd m inan
InflectionEdit
Masculine inan., hard o-stem, mobile accent, plural in -ôv- | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | sád | ||
gen. sing. | sadú | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | sád | sadôva | sadôvi |
accusative | sád | sadôva | sadôve |
genitive | sadú | sadôv | sadôv |
dative | sádu | sadôvoma | sadôvom |
locative | sádu | sadôvih | sadôvih |
instrumental | sádom | sadôvoma | sadôvi |
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | sád | ||
gen. sing. | sáda | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | sád | sáda | sádi |
accusative | sád | sáda | sáde |
genitive | sáda | sádov | sádov |
dative | sádu | sádoma | sádom |
locative | sádu | sádih | sádih |
instrumental | sádom | sádoma | sádi |
Further readingEdit
- “sad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
WakhiEdit
EtymologyEdit
NumeralEdit
sad