ustel

Basque

Etymology

Unknown. The Lapurdian dialect has the forms bustel, pustel and phustel. Zuberoan has üstel with unexpected fronting of u before s. This word may be a loan from an unknown language, though dropping b before u occurs sporadically in native words as well.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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• IPA^(key): /us̺tel/ [us̺.t̪el]
• Rhymes: -us̺tel
• Hyphenation: us‧tel

Adjective

ustel (comparative ustelago, superlative ustelen, excessive ustelegi)

1. rotten
2. corrupt, crooked, two-faced, dishonest

Declension

Declension of ustel (adjective, ending in consonant)

		indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive		ustel	ustela	ustelak
ergative		ustelek	ustelak	ustelek
dative		usteli	ustelari	ustelei
genitive		ustelen	ustelaren	ustelen
comitative		ustelekin	ustelarekin	ustelekin
causative		ustelengatik	ustelarengatik	ustelengatik
benefactive		ustelentzat	ustelarentzat	ustelentzat
instrumental		ustelez	ustelaz	ustelez
inessive	anim.	ustelengan	ustelarengan	ustelengan
	inanim.	usteletan	ustelean	usteletan
locative	anim.	—	—	—
	inanim.	usteletako	usteleko	usteletako
allative	anim.	ustelengana	ustelarengana	ustelengana
	inanim.	usteletara	ustelera	usteletara
terminative	anim.	ustelenganaino	ustelarenganaino	ustelenganaino
	inanim.	usteletaraino	usteleraino	usteletaraino
directive	anim.	ustelenganantz	ustelarenganantz	ustelenganantz
	inanim.	usteletarantz	ustelerantz	usteletarantz
destinative	anim.	ustelenganako	ustelarenganako	ustelenganako
	inanim.	usteletarako	ustelerako	usteletarako
ablative	anim.	ustelengandik	ustelarengandik	ustelengandik
	inanim.	usteletatik	usteletik	usteletatik
partitive		ustelik	—	—
prolative		usteltzat	—	—

Noun

ustel inan or anim

1. rot, decay
2. (sports) foul
3. (school) flunking, not passing, failure
4. shirker, dead weight (a person who doesn't do his or her share of work)

Declension

Declension of ustel (animate and inanimate, ending in consonant)

		indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive		ustel	ustela	ustelak
ergative		ustelek	ustelak	ustelek
dative		usteli	ustelari	ustelei
genitive		ustelen	ustelaren	ustelen
comitative		ustelekin	ustelarekin	ustelekin
causative		ustelengatik	ustelarengatik	ustelengatik
benefactive		ustelentzat	ustelarentzat	ustelentzat
instrumental		ustelez	ustelaz	ustelez
inessive	anim.	ustelengan	ustelarengan	ustelengan
	inanim.	usteletan	ustelean	usteletan
locative	anim.	—	—	—
	inanim.	usteletako	usteleko	usteletako
allative	anim.	ustelengana	ustelarengana	ustelengana
	inanim.	usteletara	ustelera	usteletara
terminative	anim.	ustelenganaino	ustelarenganaino	ustelenganaino
	inanim.	usteletaraino	usteleraino	usteletaraino
directive	anim.	ustelenganantz	ustelarenganantz	ustelenganantz
	inanim.	usteletarantz	ustelerantz	usteletarantz
destinative	anim.	ustelenganako	ustelarenganako	ustelenganako
	inanim.	usteletarako	ustelerako	usteletarako
ablative	anim.	ustelengandik	ustelarengandik	ustelengandik
	inanim.	usteletatik	usteletik	usteletatik
partitive		ustelik	—	—
prolative		usteltzat	—	—

Derived terms

• haratustel

References

• “ustel” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk