victima

See also: victimá, víctima, and victimă

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vik.ti.ma/

Verb

victima

1. third-person singular past historic of victimer

Latin

Alternative forms

• victuma

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to choose, separate out, set aside as holy, consecrate, sacrifice”), same source as Proto-Germanic *wīhą (“sacred place or thing”) (Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs)) and English witch.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯ik.ti.ma/, [ˈu̯ɪkt̪ɪmä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvik.ti.ma/, [ˈvikt̪imä]

Noun

victima f (genitive victimae); first declension

1. sacrificial victim

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	victima	victimae
Genitive	victimae	victimārum
Dative	victimae	victimīs
Accusative	victimam	victimās
Ablative	victimā	victimīs
Vocative	victima	victimae

Synonyms

• (victim): hostia

Derived terms

• victimārius
• victimō

Descendants

• Catalan: víctima
• French: victime
  • Romanian: victimă
• Friulian: vìtime
• Galician: vítima
• Italian: vittima
• → Middle French: victime
  • → English: victim
• Occitan: victima
• Portuguese: vítima
• Sicilian: vìttima
• Spanish: víctima
  • → Basque: biktima
  • → Cebuano: biktima
  • → Tagalog: biktima

References

• “victima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “victima”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• victima in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• victima in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
    
  • to sacrifice human victims: pro victimis homines immolare
    
• “victima”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “victima”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin victima.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

victima f (plural victimas)

1. victim

Spanish

Verb

victima

1. inflection of victimar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative