شال
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ش و ل (š-w-l) |
Verb edit
شَالَ • (šāla) I, non-past يَشُولُ (yašūlu)
- to rise, to become elevated
- to raise, to elevate, to lift
- 2008, أُحَيحة بن الجُلاح الأوسيّ, الشُّعراء الجاهليون الأوائل : تح: عادل الفريجات, بيروت: المشرق, page 451:
- تَأَبَّرِي مِنْ حَنَذٍ فَشُولِي
- taʔabbarī min ḥanaḏin fašūlī
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1987, بَيْهس بن هلال الفَزاريّ, شعر قبيلة ذبيان : تح: سلامة السويدي, الدوحة: جامعة قطر, page 284:
- إِذْ شَالَتِ الحَرْبُ غَرِيمَ أَمْرِي
- ʔiḏ šālati l-ḥarbu ḡarīma ʔamrī
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
šawl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
šāʔil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mašūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šultu |
šulta |
شَالَ šāla |
šultumā |
šālā |
šulnā |
šultum |
šālū | |||
f | šulti |
šālat |
šālatā |
šultunna |
šulna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔašūlu |
tašūlu |
yašūlu |
tašūlāni |
yašūlāni |
našūlu |
tašūlūna |
yašūlūna | |||
f | tašūlīna |
tašūlu |
tašūlāni |
tašulna |
yašulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔašūla |
tašūla |
yašūla |
tašūlā |
yašūlā |
našūla |
tašūlū |
yašūlū | |||
f | tašūlī |
tašūla |
tašūlā |
tašulna |
yašulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔašul |
tašul |
yašul |
tašūlā |
yašūlā |
našul |
tašūlū |
yašūlū | |||
f | tašūlī |
tašul |
tašūlā |
tašulna |
yašulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | šul |
šūlā |
šūlū |
||||||||
f | šūlī |
šulna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šiltu |
šilta |
šīla |
šiltumā |
šīlā |
šilnā |
šiltum |
šīlū | |||
f | šilti |
šīlat |
šīlatā |
šiltunna |
šilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušālu |
tušālu |
yušālu |
tušālāni |
yušālāni |
nušālu |
tušālūna |
yušālūna | |||
f | tušālīna |
tušālu |
tušālāni |
tušalna |
yušalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušāla |
tušāla |
yušāla |
tušālā |
yušālā |
nušāla |
tušālū |
yušālū | |||
f | tušālī |
tušāla |
tušālā |
tušalna |
yušalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušal |
tušal |
yušal |
tušālā |
yušālā |
nušal |
tušālū |
yušālū | |||
f | tušālī |
tušal |
tušālā |
tušalna |
yušalna |
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
شَال • (šāl) m (plural شَالَات (šālāt) or شِيلَان (šīlān))
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَال šāl |
الشَّال aš-šāl |
شَال šāl |
Nominative | شَالٌ šālun |
الشَّالُ aš-šālu |
شَالُ šālu |
Accusative | شَالًا šālan |
الشَّالَ aš-šāla |
شَالَ šāla |
Genitive | شَالٍ šālin |
الشَّالِ aš-šāli |
شَالِ šāli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَالَيْن šālayn |
الشَّالَيْن aš-šālayn |
شَالَيْ šālay |
Nominative | شَالَانِ šālāni |
الشَّالَانِ aš-šālāni |
شَالَا šālā |
Accusative | شَالَيْنِ šālayni |
الشَّالَيْنِ aš-šālayni |
شَالَيْ šālay |
Genitive | شَالَيْنِ šālayni |
الشَّالَيْنِ aš-šālayni |
شَالَيْ šālay |
Plural | sound feminine plural; basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَالَات; شِيلَان šālāt; šīlān |
الشَّالَات; الشِّيلَان aš-šālāt; aš-šīlān |
شَالَات; شِيلَان šālāt; šīlān |
Nominative | شَالَاتٌ; شِيلَانٌ šālātun; šīlānun |
الشَّالَاتُ; الشِّيلَانُ aš-šālātu; aš-šīlānu |
شَالَاتُ; شِيلَانُ šālātu; šīlānu |
Accusative | شَالَاتٍ; شِيلَانًا šālātin; šīlānan |
الشَّالَاتِ; الشِّيلَانَ aš-šālāti; aš-šīlāna |
شَالَاتِ; شِيلَانَ šālāti; šīlāna |
Genitive | شَالَاتٍ; شِيلَانٍ šālātin; šīlānin |
الشَّالَاتِ; الشِّيلَانِ aš-šālāti; aš-šīlāni |
شَالَاتِ; شِيلَانِ šālāti; šīlāni |
Etymology 3 edit
From Coptic ϫⲏⲗ (čēl), Sahidic Coptic, also borrowed as قِيل (gīl) from Bohairic Coptic ⲕⲏⲗ (kēl).
Noun edit
شَال • (šāl) m
- certain fishes
- Synodontis spp.
- Silurus spp.
- Lycodontis syn. Gymnothorax spp.
Declension edit
References edit
- Bishai, Wilson B. (1964) “Coptic Lexical Influence on Egyptian Arabic”, in Journal of Near Eastern Studies, volume 23, number 1, , page 41b
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1845) Dictionnaire détaillé des noms des vêtements chez les arabes[1] (in French), Amsterdam: Jean Müller, page 244
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “شال”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 805
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “شال”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[3] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 467
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “شال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[4], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1621–1622
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شال”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 625
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شال”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[6] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 685
Egyptian Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From Arabic أَشَالَ (ʔašāla, “to raise”), form IV causative of شَالَ (šāla, “to rise”), from the root ش و ل (š-w-l).
Verb edit
Gulf Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Arabic أَشَالَ (ʔašāla, “to raise”), form IV causative of شَالَ (šāla, “to rise”), from the root ش و ل (š-w-l).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
شال • (ʃal) (present يِشِيل (ɪʃil), verbal noun شيلة (ʃelə))
- to remove
- شيل الببسي من الصفرة
- Remove the Pepsi/soft drink from the tablecloth
- to lift
- تشيل حديد ولا كأنما!
- She lifts weight as if (it is nothing)!
- to carry
- يا حلات منظر الأهل وُهُم شايلين عيالهم
- How beautiful is the scene of parents carrying their children
- (figuratively, by extension) to carry responsibility
- هالبنية بروحها شايلة بيتهم بكبره
- This girl alone is carrying (the responsibility of) her house(hold) in its entirety
- مو قادر يشيل روحه ويقولي بيتزوج!
- (He) cannot carry (the responsibility of) himself and he is telling me he wants to get married!
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
شال • (ʃal) m (plural شالات (ʃalat))
See also edit
Hijazi Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ش ي ل |
2 terms |
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Verb edit
شال • (šāl) I (non-past يشيل (yišīl))
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of شال (šāl) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شلت (šilt) | شلت (šilt) | شال (šāl) | شلنا (šilna) | شلتوا (šiltu) | شالوا (šālu) | |
f | شلتي (šilti) | شالت (šālat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أشيل (ʔašīl) | تشيل (tišīl) | يشيل (yišīl) | نشيل (nišīl) | تشيلوا (tišīlu) | يشيلوا (yišīlu) | |
f | تشيلي (tišīli) | تشيل (tišīl) | ||||||
imperative | m | شيل (šīl) | شيلوا (šīlu) | |||||
f | شيلي (šīli) |
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
Kashmiri edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Sanskrit सृगाल (sṛgāla).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Mazanderani edit
Noun edit
شال (šâl)
North Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From Arabic أَشَالَ (ʔašāla, “to raise”), form IV causative of شَالَ (šāla, “to rise”), from the root ش و ل (š-w-l).
Verb edit
شال • (šāl) (imperfect يشيل (yšīl))
- to remove, to take off, away
- ما فيي شيل الغطا عن هاي القنينة.
- mā fiyyi šīl il-ḡaṭa ʿan hay il-ʾannīne.
- I can't get the lid off this bottle.
- شيل عينيك عن غير نسوان.
- šīl ʿaynayk ʿan ḡayr niswān.
- Take your eyes off other women.
- (colloquial, Lebanon) to be down, to be up for (used either alone or governing a subjunctive-verb phrase)
- مولعينها بطرابلس، بتشيلي ننزل؟ — ايه بشيل
- mwallʿīna b-ṭrāblus, bitšīli ninzal? — ʾē bšīl
- They're going wild in Tripoli, you want to head down? — Yeah, I'm down to.
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian شال (šāl).
Noun edit
شال • (şal)
Descendants edit
Persian edit
Etymology edit
From Indo-Aryan. Compare Hindi दुशाला (duśālā), from Sanskrit शाटी (śāṭī), feminine of शाट (śāṭa, “clothing”).[1][2] Sometimes said to be from or influenced by Shāliāt, an Arabic/Persian pronunciation of Chaliyam in India, supposedly where they were first made.[3][4][5]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃɑːl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃɒːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃɔl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šāl |
Dari reading? | šāl |
Iranian reading? | šâl |
Tajik reading? | šol |
Noun edit
Dari | شال |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | шол |
شال • (šâl) (plural شالها (šâl-hâ))
Derived terms edit
- شالگردن (šâl-gardan)
Descendants edit
- → Arabic: شَال (šāl)
- → Azerbaijani: şal
- → Bashkir: шәл (şəl)
- → Bulgarian: шал (šal)
- → Czech: šál
- → Danish: sjal
- → Dutch: sjaal
- → English: shawl
- → Finnish: šaali
- → French: châle
- → Georgian: შალი (šali)
- → German: Schal
- → Gujarati: શાલ (śāl)
- → Hindustani:
- → Hungarian: sál
- → Indonesian: syal
- → Japanese: ショール (shōru)
- → Kannada: ಶಾಲು (śālu)
- → Korean: 숄 (syol)
- → Marathi: शाल (śāl)
- → Middle Armenian: շալ (šal)
- Armenian: շալ (šal)
- → Ottoman Turkish: شال (şal)
- → Punjabi:
- → Russian: шаль (šalʹ)
- → Kazakh: шәлі (şälı)
- → Slovak: šál
- → Swedish: sjal
- → Uzbek: shol
- → Yiddish: שאַל (shal)
References edit
- ^ “shawl”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- ^ https://www.thefreedictionary.com/shawl
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
- ^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
- ^ Klein, Dr. Ernest, A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 1971.
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ش ي ل |
1 term |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
شال • (šāl) I (present بشيل (bišīl))
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of شال (šāl) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | شلت (šilt) | شلت (šilt) | شال (šāl) | شلنا (šilna) | شلتو (šiltu) | شالو (šālu) | |
f | شلتي (šilti) | شالت (šālat) | ||||||
present | m | بشيل (bašīl) | بتشيل (bitšīl) | بشيل (bišīl) | منشيل (minšīl) | بتشيلو (bitšīlu) | بشيلو (bišīlu) | |
f | بتشيلي (bitšīli) | بتشيل (bitšīl) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اشيل (ašīl) | تشيل (tšīl) | يشيل (yšīl) | نشيل (nšīl) | تشيلو (tšīlu) | يشيلو (yšīlu) | |
f | تشيلي (tšīli) | تشيل (tšīl) | ||||||
imperative | m | شيل (šīl) | شيلو (šīlu) | |||||
f | شيلي (šīli) |
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian شال (šāl). Doublet of سَاڑِی (sāṛī).[1] Compare Punjabi ਸ਼ਾਲ (śāl) / شال (śāl), Gujarati શાલ (śāl), Marathi शाल (śāl), Kannada ಶಾಲು (śālu), Telugu శాలువ (śāluva).
Noun edit
شَال • (śāl) f (Hindi spelling शाल)
References edit
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śāṭa1”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Further reading edit
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شال”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.