菜苑

Chinese edit

		phonetic
trad. (菜苑)		菜	苑
simp. ^#(菜苑)		菜	苑

Etymology edit

From Spanish Torreón, via Taishanese.

萊苑／莱苑 (Láiyuàn) is certainly a corruption of 菜苑 (Càiyuàn), as the reverse (萊／莱→菜) would be unusual considering the Chinese tendency to prefer elegant characters in transliteration.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Càiyuàn

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˋ ㄩㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coi³ jyun²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Càiyuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˋ ㄩㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Càiyuàn
  - Wade–Giles: Tsʻai⁴-yüan⁴
  - Yale: Tsài-ywàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tsayyuann
  - Palladius: Цайюань (Cajjuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coi³ jyun²
  - Yale: choi yún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi³ jyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: coi³ yun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ jyːn³⁵/

Proper noun edit

菜苑

(～埠) (dated) Torreón (a city in Coahuila, Mexico)
- http://chinesetimes.lib.sfu.ca/ctimes-79650/page-3
  墨國菜苑致公堂 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  墨国菜苑致公堂 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  mak⁶ gwok³ coi³ jyun² zi³ gung¹ tong⁴ [Jyutping]
  Torreón, Mexico Chee Kung Tong
- 光绪卅三年（1907年）墨国菜苑埠华墨银行溢利公司每股伍圆股票一枚
  墨國菜苑埠／墨国菜苑埠 [Written Vernacular Chinese] ― mak⁶ gwok³ coi³ jyun² fau⁶ [Jyutping] ― Torreón, Mexico
- (Can we date this quote?), 康有為, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
  
  又南與巴西不相通，居菜苑三月，晨夕篝燈，閉戶著書，復如諸生時。 [MSC, trad.]
  又南与巴西不相通，居菜苑三月，晨夕篝灯，闭户著书，复如诸生时。 [MSC, simp.]
  Yòu nán yǔ bāxī bù xiàngtōng, jū càiyuàn sānyuè, chénxī gōudēng, bìhù zhùshū, fù rú zhūshēng shí. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms edit

(dated) 萊苑／莱苑 (Láiyuàn)
托雷翁 (Tuōléiwēng)