Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kriti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Looking only on the meaning “to purchase” it has been related as follows:

• From Proto-Indo-European *kʷréyh₂t, root aorist of *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”).
• From Proto-Indo-European *kʷri-n-h₂ (Derksen) or *kʷri-ne (ЭССЯ), from root *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”)

Seen as cognate with Tocharian B karyor (“buying”). Sanskrit क्रीणाति (krīṇāti, “to buy”) (root क्री (krī), Persian خریدن (xaridan), Old Irish crenaid (“to buy”), Ancient Greek ἐπριάμην (epriámēn, “I bought”). Also Baltic derivatives: Old Lithuanian krienas (“money, pay; pretium pro sponsis”), Latvian kriens (“groom's presents for bride, parents and friends”).

Based on the meaning “to curve” only attested in derived terms one might put it to *(s)ker- (“to turn”).

Verb

*kriti pf

1. to turn, to bend, to twist, to curve
2. to make go round, to put into exchange, to cause to circulate
3. to buy, to purchase, to obtain by commercial exchange

   Synonym: *kupiti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kriti, *kri, *krьnetь (perf., -V/n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*kritьje	*kriti	*kritъ	*krilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*kritъ	—
Active	*krivъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krixъ	*kri	*kri	*krьnǫ	*krьneši	*krьnetь
Dual	*krixově	*krista	*kriste	*krьnevě	*krьneta	*krьnete
Plural	*krixomъ	*kriste	*krišę	*krьnemъ	*krьnete	*krьnǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*krьni	*krьni
Dual	—	—	—	*krьněvě	*krьněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*krьněmъ	*krьněte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

• *krina (“calabash”)
• *krida (“sieve”)
• *krinica (“slough, gully”)
• *kridlo (“wing”)
• *krivъ (“curved”)

See also

• *věniti, *věno (“bride-price”)
• *tъrgъ (“commerce”)
• *krojь, *krojiti (“to cut out”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: крити (kriti), ?*крьнути (*krĭnuti) (Russian)

• East Slavic:
  • Old Novgorodian: крити (kriti)
  • Old East Slavic: крити (kriti), ?*крьнути (*krĭnuti), крьнеть (krĭnetĭ) / кренеть (krenetĭ), крени (kreni)
    • Belarusian: крану́цца (kranúcca)
    • Ukrainian: крину́тиса (krynútysa)

Further reading

• Patri, Sylvain (1994) “Origine et désintégration de la conjugaison de kriti en vieux russe”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in French), volume 107, number 2. H., →DOI, pages 284–297
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кренуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kriti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 160
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krьnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 74
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “крьнути”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1341
• Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “кренути”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.]‎^[2] (in Russian), numbers 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 29
• Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “крити”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.]‎^[3] (in Russian), numbers 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 59
• Zaliznjak A. A. (1984) “Наблюдения над берестяными грамотами, §40-§41”, in Вопросы русского языкознания, volume 5, Moscow: Nauka, pages 114-118