Swahili edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic أَدَّبَ (ʔaddaba).

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)

Verb edit

-adibu (infinitive kuadibu)

  1. to teach manners
  2. to chastise, to punish

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of -adibu
Positive present -naadibu
Subjunctive -adibu
Negative -adibu
Imperative singular adibu
Infinitives
Positive kuadibu
Negative kutoadibu
Imperatives
Singular adibu
Plural adibuni
Tensed forms
Habitual huadibu
Positive past positive subject concord + -liadibu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuadibu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naadibu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaadibu/naadibu tunaadibu
2nd person unaadibu mnaadibu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaadibu wanaadibu
other classes positive subject concord + -naadibu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -adibu)
Singular Plural
1st person siadibu hatuadibu
2nd person huadibu hamwadibu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haadibu hawaadibu
other classes negative subject concord + -adibu
Positive future positive subject concord + -taadibu
Negative future negative subject concord + -taadibu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -adibu)
Singular Plural
1st person niadibu tuadibu
2nd person uadibu mwadibu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aadibu waadibu
other classes positive subject concord + -adibu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siadibu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeadibu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeadibu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliadibu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliadibu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aadibu)
Singular Plural
1st person naadibu twaadibu
2nd person waadibu mwaadibu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aadibu waadibu
m-mi(III/IV) waadibu yaadibu
ji-ma(V/VI) laadibu yaadibu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaadibu vyaadibu
n(IX/X) yaadibu zaadibu
u(XI) waadibu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaadibu
pa(XVI) paadibu
mu(XVIII) mwaadibu
Perfect positive subject concord + -meadibu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaadibu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaadibu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiadibu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipoadibu
Consecutive kaadibu / positive subject concord + -kaadibu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaadibu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -niadibu -tuadibu
2nd person -kuadibu -waadibu/-kuadibuni/-waadibuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mwadibu -waadibu
m-mi(III/IV) -uadibu -iadibu
ji-ma(V/VI) -liadibu -yaadibu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiadibu -viadibu
n(IX/X) -iadibu -ziadibu
u(XI) -uadibu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuadibu
pa(XVI) -paadibu
mu(XVIII) -muadibu
Reflexive -jiadibu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -adibu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -adibuye -adibuo
m-mi(III/IV) -adibuo -adibuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -adibulo -adibuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -adibucho -adibuvyo
n(IX/X) -adibuyo -adibuzo
u(XI) -adibuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -adibuko
pa(XVI) -adibupo
mu(XVIII) -adibumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -adibu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeadibu -oadibu
m-mi(III/IV) -oadibu -yoadibu
ji-ma(V/VI) -loadibu -yoadibu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choadibu -vyoadibu
n(IX/X) -yoadibu -zoadibu
u(XI) -oadibu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koadibu
pa(XVI) -poadibu
mu(XVIII) -moadibu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Related terms edit