atmosfera

See also: atmósfera, atmosféra, atmosfèra, atmosferă, atmosfēra, and atmosferą

Catalan

Etymology

From New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”). Equivalent to atmo- +‎ -sfera.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [əd.musˈfe.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [əd.mosˈfe.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [ad.mosˈfe.ɾa]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosferes)

1. atmosphere (air)
2. (figurative) atmosphere, ambiance

   Synonym: ambient

3. atmosphere (unit of measurement)

Hypernyms

layers of the atmosphere

• estratosfera
• exosfera
• ionosfera
• mesosfera
• termosfera
• troposfera

Derived terms

• atmosfèric
• extraatmosfèric

 

Further reading

• “atmosfera” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “atmosfera”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “atmosfera” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “atmosfera” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Corsican

Alternative forms

• atmusfera

Etymology

From French atmosphère, from New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”). Akin to Italian atmosfera.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /atmosˈfera/
• Hyphenation: at‧mos‧fe‧ra

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosfere)

1. atmosphere
   • 2019, Zosimov Premudroslovsky StaVl, Mutanti Sovetti: Fantasia divertente, →ISBN:

     Luntanu, luntanu à a fruntiera di l'antica URSS (avà Kazakistan) è a Cina, in u sudeste di a regione Semipalatinsk, vicinu à a cità de Ayaguz, traduttu cum'è "Oh toro", ci era un terrenu di teste nucleare cù una atmosfera radioattiva infettata ottenuta da a negligenza di i schientifichi in opera.

     Far, far away on the border of the former USSR (now Kazakhstan) and China, in the southeast of the region Semipalatinsk, next to the city of Ayaguz, translated as "Oh toro", there was a terrain of nuclear testing with an infected radioactive atmosphere obtained due to the negligence of the scientists in operation.

References

• “atmusfera, atmosfera” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

Esperanto

Etymology

atmosfer- + -a

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [atmosˈfera]
• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -era
• Hyphenation: at‧mos‧fe‧ra

Adjective

atmosfera (accusative singular atmosferan, plural atmosferaj, accusative plural atmosferajn)

1. (meteorology) atmospheric

Galician

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosferas)

1. atmosphere

Derived terms

• atmosférico

Further reading

• “atmosfera”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012

Iban

Etymology

Borrowed from English atmosphere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ətmosfera/

Noun

atmosfera

1. atmosphere

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “vapour”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /at.moˈsfɛ.ra/
• Rhymes: -ɛra
• Hyphenation: at‧mo‧sfè‧ra

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosfere)

1. atmosphere (all meanings), air
2. normal atmospheric pressure

Derived terms

• atmosferico

Further reading

• atmosfera in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Lithuanian

Etymology

Ultimately from New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”)

Noun

atmosferà f (plural atmosfèros) stress pattern 2

1. atmosphere

Declension

Declension of atmosferà

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	atmosferà	atmosfèros
genitive (kilmininkas)	atmosfèros	atmosfèrų
dative (naudininkas)	atmosfèrai	atmosfèroms
accusative (galininkas)	atmosfèrą	atmosferàs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	atmosferà	atmosfèromis
locative (vietininkas)	atmosfèroje	atmosfèrose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	atmosfèra	atmosfèros

Malay

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”).

Noun

atmosfera (Jawi spelling اتموسفيرا, plural atmosfera-atmosfera, informal 1st possessive atmosferaku, 2nd possessive atmosferamu, 3rd possessive atmosferanya)

1. atmosphere

Further reading

• “atmosfera” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French atmosphère. By surface analysis, atmo- +‎ sfera. First attested in 1741. Compare Silesian atmosfera.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /at.mɔsˈfɛ.ra/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛra
• Syllabification: at‧mos‧fe‧ra

Noun

atmosfera f (diminutive atmosferka, related adjective atmosferyczny or (rare) atmosferowy, abbreviation atm)

1. atmosphere (the gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body)
2. (figuratively) atmosphere (the apparent mood felt in an environment)

   Synonyms: aura, klimat, nastrój

3. atmosphere (a unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa (symbol: atm), approximately the atmospheric pressure at sea level)

   atmosfera techiczna ― techncial atmosphere

Declension

Declension of atmosfera

	singular	plural
nominative	atmosfera	atmosfery
genitive	atmosfery	atmosfer
dative	atmosferze	atmosferom
accusative	atmosferę	atmosfery
instrumental	atmosferą	atmosferami
locative	atmosferze	atmosferach
vocative	atmosfero	atmosfery

Derived terms

nouns

• gęsta atmosfera

 

verbs

• atmosfera zgęstniała pf, atmosfera gęstnieje impf

 

Related terms

adverbs

• atmosferycznie

 

nouns

• atmosferyki

 

Descendants

• → Kashubian: atmòsfera

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), atmosfera is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 18 times in news, 8 times in essays, 3 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 56 times, making it the 1148th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• atmosfera in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• atmosfera in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “atmosfera”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎^[3]
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “atmosfera”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎^[4]
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “atmosfera”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎^[5] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 68
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “atmosfera”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”). By surface analysis, atmo- +‎ esfera.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /at͡ʃ.mosˈfɛ.ɾɐ/, /a.t͡ʃi.mosˈfɛ.ɾɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /at͡ʃ.mosˈfɛ.ɾɐ/, /a.t͡ʃi.mosˈfɛ.ɾɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /at͡ʃ.moʃˈfɛ.ɾɐ/, /a.t͡ʃi.moʃˈfɛ.ɾɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /at͡ʃ.mosˈfɛ.ɾa/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.tmuʃˈfɛ.ɾɐ/

• Hyphenation: at‧mos‧fe‧ra

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosferas)

1. atmosphere
   1. gases surrounding the Earth (or another astronomical body)
   2. the air in an environment
   3. (figuratively) the apparent mood felt in an environment
   4. (chemistry, planetology) a unit of measurement for pressure (symbol: atm)

Meronyms

• troposfera
• estratosfera
• mesosfera
• termosfera
• exosfera
• ionosfera
• camada de ozono

Derived terms

• atmosférico

Further reading

• “atmosfera” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /atmosfěːra/
• Hyphenation: a‧tmo‧sfe‧ra

Noun

atmosféra f (Cyrillic spelling атмосфе́ра)

1. atmosphere (also figuratively)
2. normal atmospheric pressure

Declension

Declension of atmosfera

	singular	plural
nominative	atmosfera	atmosfere
genitive	atmosfere	atmosfera
dative	atmosferi	atmosferama
accusative	atmosferu	atmosfere
vocative	atmosfero	atmosfere
locative	atmosferi	atmosferama
instrumental	atmosferom	atmosferama

Derived terms

• atmòsfērskī
• ȁtmosfērskī

Spanish

Noun

atmosfera f (plural atmosferas)

1. Alternative form of atmósfera

Further reading

• “atmosfera”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014