bivati

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *byvati, imperfective aspect of the verb bȉti (“to be”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /bǐːʋati/
Hyphenation: bi‧va‧ti

Verb edit

bívati impf (Cyrillic spelling би́вати)

(intransitive) to be occasionally, happen, occur sometimes
Tako je to bivalo, biva i bivat će. ― So it has been, is, and will be.
(intransitive, literary) to become, grow
(by extension, auxiliary, Croatia) Used instead of biti to form the continuous passive voice together with the passive past participle of the main verb.
Ubijali su druge dok je kralj bivao bičevan. ― They were killing the others while the king was being flogged.

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of bivati

Infinitive: bivati		Present verbal adverb: bívajūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: bívānje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		bivam	bivaš	biva	bivamo	bivate	bivaju
Future	Future I	bivat ću¹ bivaću	bivat ćeš¹ bivaćeš	bivat će¹ bivaće	bivat ćemo¹ bivaćemo	bivat ćete¹ bivaćete	bivat će¹ bivaće
Future	Future II	bȕdēm bivao²	bȕdēš bivao²	bȕdē bivao²	bȕdēmo bivali²	bȕdēte bivali²	bȕdū bivali²
Past	Perfect	bivao sam²	bivao si²	bivao je²	bivali smo²	bivali ste²	bivali su²
	Pluperfect³	bȉo sam bivao²	bȉo si bivao²	bȉo je bivao²	bíli smo bivali²	bíli ste bivali²	bíli su bivali²
	Imperfect	bivah	bivaše	bivaše	bivasmo	bivaste	bivahu
Conditional I		bivao bih²	bivao bi²	bivao bi²	bivali bismo²	bivali biste²	bivali bi²
Conditional II⁴		bȉo bih bivao²	bȉo bi bivao²	bȉo bi bivao²	bíli bismo bivali²	bíli biste bivali²	bíli bi bivali²
Imperative		—	bivaj	—	bivajmo	bivajte	—
Active past participle		bivao m / bivala f / bivalo n			bivali m / bivale f / bivala n
¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. ² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. ³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. ⁴ Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

References edit

“bivati” in Hrvatski jezični portal