bruk
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
bruk
- Romanization of 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺
Kalasha edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit वृक्क (vṛkka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥tkás; compare Persian گرده (gorde).
Noun edit
bruk (Arabic بروُک)
Lithuanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
brùk
Lower Sorbian edit
Etymology edit
Cognate with Upper Sorbian bruk and Czech brouk.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bruk m animal (diminutive bruck)
- beetle (insect)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “bruk”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999), “bruk”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German bruk.
Noun edit
bruk m or n (definite singular bruken or bruket, uncountable)
- use (noun)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
bruk n (definite singular bruket, indefinite plural bruk, definite plural bruka or brukene)
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
bruk
- imperative of bruke
References edit
- “bruk” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Low German bruk.
Noun edit
bruk m or n (definite singular bruken or bruket, uncountable)
- use (noun)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
bruk n (definite singular bruket, indefinite plural bruk, definite plural bruka)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
bruk
- imperative of bruka
- imperative of bruke
References edit
- “bruk” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from German Brücke, from Middle High German brucke, from Old High German brugga, brucca, from Proto-West Germanic *bruggju, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.[1] Doublet of bryka (“britchka, car”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bruk m inan
- cobblestones (road pavement made of stones)
- 1969, Seweryn Orzełowski, Budowa podwozi i nadwozi samochodowych[1], 18th edition, Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, page 379:
- Na podstawie obserwowanej eksploatacji wyznacza się [...] procentowe udziały pracy na drogach o różnych rodzajach nawierzchni (asfalt, bruk, drogi gruntowe)[...]
- On the basis of the observed exploitation one determines the percentage of action on roads with different kinds of pavement (asphalt, cobblestones, dirt roads) [...]
- 2013 November 11, “Wyrwany bruk, rozbite samochody. Skutki zamieszek”, in Rzeczpospolita[2], archived from the original on 2023-01-11:
- Policja pilnuje zniszczonej ulicy Wilczej. Leży na niej bruk, szkło i metalowe słupki.
- The police is monitoring the ruined Wilcza [Wolf] Street. On it lie cobblestones, glass, and metal poles.
- 2021 September 11, Aleksandra Beldowicz, “Poznań stawia na rośliny w centrum miasta”, in Rzeczpospolita[3], archived from the original on 2021-09-20:
- [...] władze miasta planują usuwać bruk i sadzić rośliny [...]
- [...] the city government plans to remove the cobblestones and plant plants [...]
- (archaic) pavement of any sort
- Synonym: nawierzchnia
- 1934 June 13, “Zamach na asfalt magistracki”, in Józef Matuszczyk, editor, ABC: pismo codzienne informuje wszystkich o wszystkiem[4], number 161, Warszawa: Mazowiecka Spółka Wydawnicza, archived from the original on 2023-01-11, page 4:
- W tych dniach na ul. Gęsiej przystąpiono do naprawiania bruku asfaltowego, jednakże robotę chwilowo przerwano.
- In these days, on Gęsia [Goose] Street, the repair of the asphalt pavement was begun; however, the work was momentarily stopped.
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- sięgnąć bruku pf, sięgać bruku impf
- wyrzucić na bruk pf
References edit
- ^ Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “bruk”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
Further reading edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Low German bruk (“use”), from the verb bruken (“to use”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bruk n
- (regular or continuous) use, usage
- Jag har inget bruk för den
- I have no use for it
- (in compounds) cultivation, tillage, etc. (use of soil, land, or other resources)
- a customary way of behaving within some group of people; a practice, a custom, a fashion, a tradition, culture
- seder och bruk
- customs and practices
- a mill, a works (industrial facility for processing raw materials, usually dealing with iron, wood, or glass – especially one with a long history)
- Han jobbar på bruket
- He works at the mill
- mortar (mixture of cement)
- 1948, Ulf Peder Olrog, song title
- Mera bruk i baljan, boys
- More mortar in the trough, boys
- Synonym: murbruk
- 1948, Ulf Peder Olrog, song title
Usage notes edit
Idiomatic for using illegal drugs (and certain public services, e.g. home care) in (sense 1).
Declension edit
Declension of bruk | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | bruk | bruket | bruk | bruken |
Genitive | bruks | brukets | bruks | brukens |
Derived terms edit
- bruksanvisning
- bruksort (“mill town”)
- brukspatron
- glasbruk
- jordbruk (“agriculture”)
- järnbruk (“iron works, iron mill”)
- murbruk
- naturbruk (“natural resource use”)
- pappersbruk (“paper mill”)
- skogsbruk (“forestry”)
- vattenbruk (“aquaculture”)
Related terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- bruk in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bruk in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bruk in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
bruk intrans., transitive brukim
Adjective edit
bruk