catena
English edit
Etymology edit
From Medieval Latin catena, from Latin catēna (“chain”). Doublet of chain.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
catena (plural catenas or catenae)
- A series of related items.
- 1873, Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street:
- And, on the contrary, there is a whole catena of authorities, beginning with Sir Robert Peel and ending with Mr. Lowe, which say that the Banking Department of the Bank of England is only a Bank like any other bank [...]
- (soil science) A series of distinct soils arrayed along a slope.
- 2000, Ewan Anderson, Middle East: Geography and Geopolitics, Routledge, →ISBN, page 55:
- The changes in soil characteristics from the crest to the foot of a slope are together known as a catena.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
Anagrams edit
Interlingua edit
Noun edit
catena (plural catenas)
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
catena f (plural catene)
- chain
- bond, fetter; subordination, repression
- tie, cord, bond
- tether (a rope, cable etc. that holds something in place whilst allowing some movement)
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- catena in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *katesnā, further etymology unknown. Probably connected with caterva (“crowd”) and cassis (“hunting-net”).[1]
Pokorny derives catēna, caterva and cassis from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“to link or weave together; chain, net”), with casa as another possible cognate.[2]
Martirosyan connects cassis and catēna with Old Armenian ցանց (cʻancʻ, “casting-net”) and derives all from a Mediterranean substrate.[3]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /kaˈteː.na/, [käˈt̪eːnä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kaˈte.na/, [käˈt̪ɛːnä]
Noun edit
catēna f (genitive catēnae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | catēna | catēnae |
| Genitive | catēnae | catēnārum |
| Dative | catēnae | catēnīs |
| Accusative | catēnam | catēnās |
| Ablative | catēnā | catēnīs |
| Vocative | catēna | catēnae |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Borrowings
References edit
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 97, 98
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 534
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2016) “Mediterranean substrate words in Armenian: two etymologies”, in Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen, Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander & Birgit Anette Olsen, editors, Etymology and the European Lexicon. Proceedings of the 14th Fachtagung of the Indogermanische Gesellschaft, Copenhagen, 17-22 September 2012[1], Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, page 294
Further reading edit
- “catena”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “catena”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- catena in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- catena in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to put some one in irons, chains: in vincula, in catenas conicere aliquem
- to put some one in irons, chains: in vincula, in catenas conicere aliquem
- “catena”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “catena”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin catēna (“chain”). Doublet of cadeia.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ca‧te‧na
Noun edit
catena f (plural catenas)