delirium
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin dēlīrium (“derangement, madness”).
Pronunciation edit
- enPR: dĭlĭʹrēəm
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɪˈlɪ.ɹi.əm/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /dɪˈlɪɹ.i.əm/
- Rhymes: -ɪəɹiəm
Noun edit
delirium (countable and uncountable, plural deliriums or deliria)
- (medicine) A temporary mental state with a sudden onset, usually reversible, including symptoms of confusion, inability to concentrate, disorientation, anxiety, and sometimes hallucinations. Causes can include dehydration, drug intoxication, and severe infection.
- 1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:
- The popular delirium [of the French Revolution] at first caught his enthusiastic mind.
- 1826, [Mary Shelley], The Last Man. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:
- Better to decay in absolute delirium, than to be the victim of the methodical unreason of ill-bestowed love.
- 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Return to Courtenaye Hall”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 149:
- The evening wore away, and the long grass was silvery with dew; the consequence was what might have been expected,—next day, he was laid up with a violent cold; and the fever soon ran so high, that delirium came on; and before three days were past, his life hung upon a thread.
- 1879, John Morley, Burke:
- the delirium of the preceding session (of Parliament)
- Wild, frenzied excitement or ecstasy.
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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References edit
- “delirium”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “delirium”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Danish edit
Noun edit
delirium n (singular definite deliriet, plural indefinite delirier)
Declension edit
neuter gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | delirium | deliriet | delirier | delirierne |
genitive | deliriums | deliriets | deliriers | deliriernes |
Further reading edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
delirium n (plural deliria or deliriums, diminutive deliriumpje n)
Synonyms edit
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: delirium
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
delirium
Usage notes edit
- This term is chiefly used by the medical profession.
Declension edit
Inflection of delirium (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | delirium | deliriumit | ||
genitive | deliriumin | deliriumien | ||
partitive | deliriumia | deliriumeja | ||
illative | deliriumiin | deliriumeihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | delirium | deliriumit | ||
accusative | nom. | delirium | deliriumit | |
gen. | deliriumin | |||
genitive | deliriumin | deliriumien | ||
partitive | deliriumia | deliriumeja | ||
inessive | deliriumissa | deliriumeissa | ||
elative | deliriumista | deliriumeista | ||
illative | deliriumiin | deliriumeihin | ||
adessive | deliriumilla | deliriumeilla | ||
ablative | deliriumilta | deliriumeilta | ||
allative | deliriumille | deliriumeille | ||
essive | deliriumina | deliriumeina | ||
translative | deliriumiksi | deliriumeiksi | ||
abessive | deliriumitta | deliriumeitta | ||
instructive | — | deliriumein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch delirium, from Latin dēlīrium.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
delirium (first-person possessive deliriumku, second-person possessive deliriummu, third-person possessive deliriumnya)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “delirium” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From dēlīrō (“to deviate from a straight track; to be crazy or deranged”) + -ium (nominal suffix).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /deːˈliː.ri.um/, [d̪eːˈlʲiːriʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /deˈli.ri.um/, [d̪eˈliːrium]
Noun edit
dēlīrium n (genitive dēlīriī or dēlīrī); second declension
- (medicine) Delirium, madness, frenzy.
- c. 47 C.E., Aulus Cornelius Celsus, De Medicina, 2.7.28:
- […] aut quī febre aequē nōn quiēscente simul et dēlīrio et spīrandī difficultāte vexātur […]
- […] or when, likewise without the fever subsiding, he is distressed at once by delirium and difficulty in breathing […]
Inflection edit
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | dēlīrium | dēlīria |
Genitive | dēlīriī dēlīrī1 |
dēlīriōrum |
Dative | dēlīriō | dēlīriīs |
Accusative | dēlīrium | dēlīria |
Ablative | dēlīriō | dēlīriīs |
Vocative | dēlīrium | dēlīria |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- >? Asturian: deleres
- Catalan: deler, → deliri
- → Asturian: deliriu
- → Bulgarian: дели́р (delír)
- → Catalan: deliri
- → Czech: delirium
- → Danish: delirium
- → Dutch: delier, delirium
- → English: delirium
- → Esperanto: deliro
- → Estonian: deliirium
- → Finnish: delirium
- → French: délire, delirium
- → Romanian: delir
- → German: Delirium
- → Hungarian: delírium
- → Ido: deliro
- → Interlingua: delirio
- → Italian: delirio
- → Northern Kurdish: delîriyûm
- → Norwegian: delirium, dille
- → Polish: delirium
- → Portuguese: delírio
- → Russian: дели́рий (delírij)
- → Serbo-Croatian: делиријум
- → Slovak: delírium
- → Spanish: delirio, delírium
- → Swedish: delirium
- → Turkish: deliriyum
References edit
- “delirium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
delirium n (definite singular deliriet, indefinite plural delirier, definite plural deliria or deliriene)
- a delirium
References edit
- “delirium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
delirium n (definite singular deliriet, indefinite plural delirium, definite plural deliria)
- a delirium
References edit
- “delirium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
delirium n
- (pathology) delirium (mental state of confusion)
- Synonym: majaczenie
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
delirium n
Declension edit
Declension of delirium | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | delirium | deliriet | delirier | delirierna |
Genitive | deliriums | deliriets | deliriers | deliriernas |