κάχληξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κόχλαξ (kókhlax)

Etymology

The formation is like τράφηξ (tráphēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). The word has been compared with Proto-Germanic *haglaz (“hail, hailstone”). Beekes claims that the presence of the alternative form points to a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ká.kʰlɛːks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈka.kʰle̝ks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.xliks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.xliks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈka.xliks/

Noun

κάχληξ • (kákhlēx) m (genitive κάχληκος); third declension

pebble, in the beds of rivers
gravel, shingle

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ κάχληξ; τοῦ κάχληκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κάχληξ ho kákhlēx	τὼ κάχληκε tṑ kákhlēke	οἱ κάχληκες hoi kákhlēkes
Genitive	τοῦ κάχληκος toû kákhlēkos	τοῖν καχλήκοιν toîn kakhlḗkoin	τῶν καχλήκων tôn kakhlḗkōn
Dative	τῷ κάχληκῐ tôi kákhlēki	τοῖν καχλήκοιν toîn kakhlḗkoin	τοῖς κάχληξῐ / κάχληξῐν toîs kákhlēxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν κάχληκᾰ tòn kákhlēka	τὼ κάχληκε tṑ kákhlēke	τοὺς κάχληκᾰς toùs kákhlēkas
Vocative	κάχληξ kákhlēx	κάχληκε kákhlēke	κάχληκες kákhlēkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

“κάχληξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
κάχληξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN