river
See also: River
English Edit
Etymology 1 Edit
From Middle English ryver, river, rivere, from Anglo-Norman rivere, from Old French riviere, from Vulgar Latin *rīpāria (“riverbank, seashore, river”), from Latin rīpārius (“of a riverbank”), from Latin rīpa (“river bank”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to scratch, tear, cut”). Doublet of riviera and rivière. Displaced native Old English ēa.
Pronunciation Edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɹɪvə/
- (General American) enPR: rĭv'ər, IPA(key): /ˈɹɪvɚ/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪvə(ɹ)
- Hyphenation: riv‧er
Noun Edit
river (plural rivers)
- A large and often winding stream which drains a land mass, carrying water down from higher areas to a lower point, oftentimes ending in another body of water, such as an ocean or in an inland sea.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:river
- Occasionally rivers overflow their banks and cause floods.
- 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:
- By the side of the river he trotted as one trots, when very small, by the side of a man who holds one spell-bound by exciting stories; and when tired at last, he sat on the bank, while the river still chattered on to him, a babbling procession of the best stories in the world, sent from the heart of the earth to be told at last to the insatiable sea.
- 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28:
- Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
- Any large flow of a liquid in a single body.
- a river of blood
- (poker) The last card dealt in a hand.
- 2017, Nathan Schwiethale, Ace High: Mastering Low Stakes Poker Cash Games, page 70:
- He called instantly but was too ashamed to show until the river.
- (typography) A visually undesirable effect of white space running down a page, caused by spaces between words on consecutive lines happening to coincide.
Usage notes Edit
- As with the names of lakes and mountains, the names of rivers are typically formed by adding the word before or after the unique term: the River Thames or the Yangtze River. Generally speaking, names formed using adjectives or attributives see river added to the end, as with the Yellow River. It is less common to add river before names than it is with lakes, but many of the rivers of Britain are written that way, as with the River Severn; indeed, British English tends to use "River X" in such cases while American, South African, Australian and New Zealand English use "X River". The former derives from the earlier but now uncommon form river of ~: the 19th century River of Jordan is now usually simply the River Jordan.
- It is common to preface the proper names of rivers with the article the.
- Concerning the reference of its coordinate terms, some people say:[1] you can step over a brook, jump over a creek, wade across a stream, and swim across a river.
Derived terms Edit
Terms derived from river (etymology 1, noun)
- atmospheric river
- atmospheric river
- Bear River
- Blue River
- Chinese river dolphin
- cross-river
- cross the river
- cry someone a river
- denial ain't a river in Egypt
- denial ain't just a river in Egypt
- denial is not a river in Egypt
- denial is not just a river in Egypt
- denial isn't a river in Egypt
- denial isn't just a river in Egypt
- Eagle River
- Elk River
- European river lamprey
- Fall River
- French River
- Garden River
- Green River
- Hay River
- Hood River
- Huai river
- Indian River
- Kansas River
- Klip River
- lazy river
- Little River
- lost river
- Mad River
- Mooi River
- Moose River
- over the river
- over the river and through the woods
- pass the river
- Pearl River
- Powder River
- red river hog
- river bank
- riverbank
- river basin
- river bed
- river-bed
- riverbed
- river birch
- river blindness
- riverboat/river boat
- river bottom
- river boulder
- river-bush
- river carp
- river chub
- river crab
- river dog
- river dolphin
- river-dragon
- river duck (Anatinae)
- river dune
- riverfront
- river god
- river gum
- river hog (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)
- river horse
- riverine
- river jack
- river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis)
- river limpet (Ancylus fluviatilis)
- river mouth
- river mussel (Unionidae)
- river oats
- river otter
- river pear (Grias cauliflora)
- river poison
- river prawn (Macrobrachium spp.)
- river rat
- river red gum
- river-runner
- river runner
- river shad (Alosa chrysochloris, Gudusia spp.)
- river shark
- riverside
- river snail (Viviparidae)
- river swallow
- river turtle
- river-walk
- river walk
- river warbler
- riverward
- river-water
- river water
- riverway
- river way
- river-way
- run-of-the-river
- Rush River
- salmon river, Salmon River
- Salt River
- sell down the river
- St. Johns River
- submarine river
- Swan River
- Three Rivers
- tidal river
- Touws River
- up the river
- White River
- wild river
- Yellow River
- Yellow river
- you can't step in the same river twice
- youthful river
Related terms Edit
- tributary (noun)
Descendants Edit
Translations Edit
See also Edit
Verb Edit
river (third-person singular simple present rivers, present participle rivering, simple past and past participle rivered)
- (poker) To improve one’s hand to beat another player on the final card in a poker game.
- Johnny rivered me by drawing that ace of spades.
Etymology 2 Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɹaɪvə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɹaɪvɚ/
- Rhymes: -aɪvə(ɹ)
Noun Edit
river (plural rivers)
References Edit
- ^ Definitions of rivers, stream, brooks, creeks and other terms (Goran Šafarek, WorldRivers.net, November 29, 2018)
Further reading Edit
- “river”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Danish Edit
Noun Edit
river c
- indefinite plural of rive
Verb Edit
river
Finnish Edit
Etymology Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Noun Edit
river
Declension Edit
| Inflection of river (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | river | riverit | ||
| genitive | riverin | riverien rivereiden rivereitten | ||
| partitive | riveriä | rivereitä riverejä | ||
| illative | riveriin | rivereihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | river | riverit | ||
| accusative | nom. | river | riverit | |
| gen. | riverin | |||
| genitive | riverin | riverien rivereiden rivereitten | ||
| partitive | riveriä | rivereitä riverejä | ||
| inessive | riverissä | rivereissä | ||
| elative | riveristä | rivereistä | ||
| illative | riveriin | rivereihin | ||
| adessive | riverillä | rivereillä | ||
| ablative | riveriltä | rivereiltä | ||
| allative | riverille | rivereille | ||
| essive | riverinä | rivereinä | ||
| translative | riveriksi | rivereiksi | ||
| instructive | — | riverein | ||
| abessive | riverittä | rivereittä | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
Synonyms Edit
See also Edit
- joki (“river”)
French Edit
Etymology Edit
From a Germanic source (compare Danish rive).
Pronunciation Edit
Verb Edit
river
- to drive/set a rivet
Conjugation Edit
Conjugation of river (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | river | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | rivant /ʁi.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rivé /ʁi.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rive /ʁiv/ |
rives /ʁiv/ |
rive /ʁiv/ |
rivons /ʁi.vɔ̃/ |
rivez /ʁi.ve/ |
rivent /ʁiv/ |
| imperfect | rivais /ʁi.vɛ/ |
rivais /ʁi.vɛ/ |
rivait /ʁi.vɛ/ |
rivions /ʁi.vjɔ̃/ |
riviez /ʁi.vje/ |
rivaient /ʁi.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rivai /ʁi.ve/ |
rivas /ʁi.va/ |
riva /ʁi.va/ |
rivâmes /ʁi.vam/ |
rivâtes /ʁi.vat/ |
rivèrent /ʁi.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | riverai /ʁi.vʁe/ |
riveras /ʁi.vʁa/ |
rivera /ʁi.vʁa/ |
riverons /ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ |
riverez /ʁi.vʁe/ |
riveront /ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | riverais /ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
riverais /ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
riverait /ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
riverions /ʁi.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
riveriez /ʁi.və.ʁje/ |
riveraient /ʁi.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rive /ʁiv/ |
rives /ʁiv/ |
rive /ʁiv/ |
rivions /ʁi.vjɔ̃/ |
riviez /ʁi.vje/ |
rivent /ʁiv/ |
| imperfect2 | rivasse /ʁi.vas/ |
rivasses /ʁi.vas/ |
rivât /ʁi.va/ |
rivassions /ʁi.va.sjɔ̃/ |
rivassiez /ʁi.va.sje/ |
rivassent /ʁi.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rive /ʁiv/ |
— | rivons /ʁi.vɔ̃/ |
rivez /ʁi.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms Edit
Further reading Edit
- “river”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams Edit
Latin Edit
Verb Edit
rīver
Middle English Edit
Noun Edit
river
- Alternative form of ryver
Norwegian Bokmål Edit
Noun Edit
river m or f
- indefinite plural of rive
Verb Edit
river
Norwegian Nynorsk Edit
Noun Edit
river f
- indefinite plural of rive
Verb Edit
river
Swedish Edit
Verb Edit
river