λάχανον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably of Pre-Greek origin, as suggested by the suffix -ανον. The denominative simplex λαχαίνω (lakhaínō, “to dig”), which has only late attestations, is probably a back-formation from compounded forms.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lá.kʰa.non/ → /ˈla.xa.non/ → /ˈla.xa.non/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lá.kʰa.non/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈla.kʰa.non/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈla.xa.non/

Noun

λᾰ́χᾰνον • (lákhanon) n (genitive λᾰχᾰ́νου); second declension

1. garden herb, opposite to wild plants
2. (in the plural) vegetables
3. (in the plural) vegetable market

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον; τοῦ λᾰχᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον tò lákhanon	τὼ λᾰχᾰ́νω tṑ lakhánō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ tà lákhana
Genitive	τοῦ λᾰχᾰ́νου toû lakhánou	τοῖν λᾰχᾰ́νοιν toîn lakhánoin	τῶν λᾰχᾰ́νων tôn lakhánōn
Dative	τῷ λᾰχᾰ́νῳ tôi lakhánōi	τοῖν λᾰχᾰ́νοιν toîn lakhánoin	τοῖς λᾰχᾰ́νοις toîs lakhánois
Accusative	τὸ λᾰ́χᾰνον tò lákhanon	τὼ λᾰχᾰ́νω tṑ lakhánō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ tà lákhana
Vocative	λᾰ́χᾰνον lákhanon	λᾰχᾰ́νω lakhánō	λᾰ́χᾰνᾰ lákhana
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κηπολᾰ́χᾰνον (kēpolákhanon)
• λαχανάριον (lakhanárion)
• λαχανᾶς (lakhanâs)
• λαχανεία (lakhaneía)
• λαχανεύς (lakhaneús)
• λαχανεύω (lakhaneúō)
• λαχανηρός (lakhanērós)
• λαχανιά (lakhaniá)
• λαχανίδιον (lakhanídion)
• λαχανίζω (lakhanízō)
• λαχανικός (lakhanikós)
• λαχάνιον (lakhánion)
• λαχανοειδής (lakhanoeidḗs)
• λαχανοθήκη (lakhanothḗkē)
• λαχανοπώλης (lakhanopṓlēs)
• λαχανώδης (lakhanṓdēs)
• χρῡσολᾰ́χᾰνον (khrūsolákhanon)

 

Descendants

• Greek: λάχανο (láchano)
  • → Bulgarian: ла́хана (láhana)
  • → Romanian: lahaniu
• → Albanian: lakër, lakënë
• → Ottoman Turkish: لحنه (lahana)
  • Turkish: lahana
  • → Arabic: لَهَانَة (lahāna), لَخَانَة (laḵāna)
  • → Georgian: ლახანა (laxana) — Imereti, Lechkhumi
    • → Mingrelian: ლახანა (laxana)
    • → Svan: ლახანა (laxana)
  • Kurdish:
    • → Central Kurdish: لەھانە (lehane)
    • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܠܵܗܵܢܵܐ (lahānā)
  • → Laz: ლაჰანა (lahana)
  • → Middle Armenian: լախանայ (laxanay)
    • Armenian: լախանա (laxana), լահանա (lahana), լա̈հա̈նա̈ (lähänä); լախանայ (laxanay), լահանայ (lahanay) — traditional orthography

Further reading

• “λάχανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “λάχανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• λάχανον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN