μυελός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• μυαλός (mualós)

Etymology

The word has been linked with μυών (muṓn, “cluster of muscles”) because they are both soft. According to Beekes and Chantraine, the noun is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

In Homer, μῡελός:

 

• IPA^(key): /myː.e.lós/ → /my.eˈlos/ → /mi.eˈlos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /myː.e.lós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mi.eˈlos/

In Attic, μῠελός:

 

• IPA^(key): /my.e.lós/ → /my.eˈlos/ → /mi.eˈlos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /my.e.lós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mi.eˈlos/

Noun

μυελός • (muelós) m (genitive μυελοῦ); second declension

1. (anatomy) marrow
2. inmost part, marrow
3. (figuratively) best part
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 45.18

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ μυελός; τοῦ μυελοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μυελός ho muelós	τὼ μυελώ tṑ muelṓ	οἱ μυελοί hoi mueloí
Genitive	τοῦ μυελοῦ toû mueloû	τοῖν μυελοῖν toîn mueloîn	τῶν μυελῶν tôn muelôn
Dative	τῷ μυελῷ tôi muelôi	τοῖν μυελοῖν toîn mueloîn	τοῖς μυελοῖς toîs mueloîs
Accusative	τὸν μυελόν tòn muelón	τὼ μυελώ tṑ muelṓ	τοὺς μυελούς toùs mueloús
Vocative	μυελέ muelé	μυελώ muelṓ	μυελοί mueloí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀμύελος (amúelos)
• μυελαυξής (muelauxḗs)
• μυέλινος (muélinos)
• μυελόεις (muelóeis)
• μυελόθεν (muelóthen)
• μυελόομαι (muelóomai)
• μυελοποιός (muelopoiós)
• μυελοτρεφής (muelotrephḗs)
• μυελώδης (muelṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• Koine Greek: μυαλός (mualós)
  • Byzantine Greek: μυαλόν (mualón)
    • Greek: μυαλό (myaló)
• English: myelo-

References

• “μυελός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μυελός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• μυελός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN