παρέγχυμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From πᾰρᾰ- (para-, “beside”) +‎ ἔγχῠμα (énkhuma, “instillation, content of a vessel”), from ἐν (en, “in, into”) +‎ χέω (khéō, “to pour”) +‎ -μᾰ (-ma, nominal suffix), given by the Greek anatomist Erasistratus to the peculiar substance of the lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen, as if formed separately by the veins that run into them.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pa.réŋ.kʰy.ma/ → /paˈreɲ.çy.ma/ → /paˈreɲ.çi.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pa.réŋ.kʰy.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /paˈreŋ.kʰy.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /paˈreɲ.çy.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /paˈreɲ.çy.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /paˈreɲ.çi.ma/

Noun

πᾰρέγχῠμᾰ • (parénkhuma) n (genitive πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτος); third declension

1. (anatomy) Anything poured in beside.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ πᾰρέγχῠμᾰ; τοῦ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πᾰρέγχῠμᾰ tò parénkhuma	τὼ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτε tṑ parenkhúmate	τᾰ̀ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτᾰ tà parenkhúmata
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτος toû parenkhúmatos	τοῖν πᾰρεγχῠμᾰ́τοιν toîn parenkhumátoin	τῶν πᾰρεγχῠμᾰ́των tôn parenkhumátōn
Dative	τῷ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτῐ tôi parenkhúmati	τοῖν πᾰρεγχῠμᾰ́τοιν toîn parenkhumátoin	τοῖς πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰσῐ / πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰσῐν toîs parenkhúmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πᾰρέγχῠμᾰ tò parénkhuma	τὼ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτε tṑ parenkhúmate	τᾰ̀ πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτᾰ tà parenkhúmata
Vocative	πᾰρέγχῠμᾰ parénkhuma	πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτε parenkhúmate	πᾰρεγχῠ́μᾰτᾰ parenkhúmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: parenchyma
• → Spanish: parénquima

References

• “παρέγχυμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press