πρίν
See also: πριν
Ancient Greek
editAlternative forms
edit- πρείν (preín)
Etymology
editAppears to be related to πρό (pró), Latin prior, priscus and Lithuanian prie, but the exact formation is uncertain. Perhaps from an old locative *pr-i of Proto-Indo-European *pró (“forward”).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /prín/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /prin/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /prin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /prin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /prin/
Adverb
editπρῐ́ν or πρῑ́ν • (prín or prī́n)
Descendants
edit- Greek: πριν (prin)
Conjunction
editπρῐ́ν or πρῑ́ν • (prín or prī́n)
- before that, before
- (with infinitive)
- (with aorist)
- (after a positive clause)
- (after a negative clause)
- (after a positive clause)
- (with present, conveying a sense of continuance)
- (with perfect)
- (with aorist)
- (with a finite verb)
- (with indicative, chiefly aorist)
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 357
- (after negative clauses)
- (after positive clauses)
- (with subjunctive, after negatives)
- (with aorist, expressing an action preceding the action of the antecedent)
- (with present, rare)
- (with optative)
- (representing subjective after historical tenses)
- (by assimilation)
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 126
- (representing subjective after historical tenses)
- (with ἄν (án))
- (without a verb)
- (with indicative, chiefly aorist)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πρίν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1233-4
Further reading
edit- “πρίν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πρίν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πρίν”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πρίν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πρίν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “πρίν”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4250 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- “πρίν”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)
- Ancient Greek 1-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adverbs
- Ancient Greek conjunctions
- Ancient Greek terms with rare senses
- Ancient Greek subordinating conjunctions