τραυλός
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editThe suffix -λος is also found in other expressions for physical and psychical defects, such as τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”), σιφλός (siphlós, “maimed”) and χωλός (khōlós, “lame”). Wackernagel connects the word to Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌿𐍃 (þaursus, “dry, lacking water”), to which ἀτειρής (ateirḗs, “indestructible”) could belong as well. Yet the loss of -σ- in these words is improbable beside τρασιά (trasiá) and τέρσομαι (térsomai). Alternatively, the adjective could belong to τραῦμα (traûma, “injury”). The word might also be Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /trau̯.lós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /trawˈlos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /traˈβlos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /traˈvlos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /traˈvlos/
Adjective
editτραυλός • (traulós) m (feminine τραυλή, neuter τραυλόν); first/second declension
- (of children) mispronouncing letters, stammering, lisping
- (of swallows) twittering
Inflection
editNumber | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | τραυλός traulós |
τραυλή traulḗ |
τραυλόν traulón |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλᾱ́ traulā́ |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλοί trauloí |
τραυλαί traulaí |
τραυλᾰ́ traulá | |||||
Genitive | τραυλοῦ trauloû |
τραυλῆς traulês |
τραυλοῦ trauloû |
τραυλοῖν trauloîn |
τραυλαῖν traulaîn |
τραυλοῖν trauloîn |
τραυλῶν traulôn |
τραυλῶν traulôn |
τραυλῶν traulôn | |||||
Dative | τραυλῷ traulôi |
τραυλῇ traulêi |
τραυλῷ traulôi |
τραυλοῖν trauloîn |
τραυλαῖν traulaîn |
τραυλοῖν trauloîn |
τραυλοῖς trauloîs |
τραυλαῖς traulaîs |
τραυλοῖς trauloîs | |||||
Accusative | τραυλόν traulón |
τραυλήν traulḗn |
τραυλόν traulón |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλᾱ́ traulā́ |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλούς trauloús |
τραυλᾱ́ς traulā́s |
τραυλᾰ́ traulá | |||||
Vocative | τραυλέ traulé |
τραυλή traulḗ |
τραυλόν traulón |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλᾱ́ traulā́ |
τραυλώ traulṓ |
τραυλοί trauloí |
τραυλαί traulaí |
τραυλᾰ́ traulá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
τραυλῶς traulôs |
τραυλότερος traulóteros |
τραυλότᾰτος traulótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
edit- ποικιλότραυλος (poikilótraulos)
- τραυλίζω (traulízō)
- τραυλισμός (traulismós)
- τραυλοηχέω (trauloēkhéō)
- τραυλότης (traulótēs)
- τραυλόφωνος (traulóphōnos)
- τραύλωσις (traúlōsis)
- ὑπότραυλος (hupótraulos)
Descendants
edit- → English: traulism
References
edit- “τραυλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τραυλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- τραυλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN