борщ

See also: борш

Mongolian

Alternative forms

• борш (borš) — nonstandard

Etymology

From Russian борщ (boršč).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɔrɕ/
• Syllabification: борщ (1 syllable)

Noun

борщ • (boršč)

1. borscht

Usage notes

Due to its rarity, щ (šč) is sometimes replaced by the more common ш (š).

Declension

Declension of борщ (sg-only о-harmonic regular borr) 

attributive	борщ boršč
	singular / indefinite
nominative	борщ boršč
genitive	борщийн borščiin
accusative	борщийг borščiig
dative-locative	борщид borščid
ablative	борщоос borščoos
instrumental	борщоор borščoor
comitative	борщтой borščtoj
privative	борщгүй borščgüj
directive	борщ руу boršč ruu

Reflexive possessive forms 

	singular / indefinite
nominative	борщоо borščoo
genitive	борщийнхоо borščiinxoo
accusative	борщийгоо borščiigoo
dative-locative	борщдоо borščdoo
ablative	борщоосоо borščoosoo
instrumental	борщоороо borščooroo
comitative	борщтойгоо borščtojgoo
privative	борщгүйгээ borščgüjgee
directive	борщ руугаа boršč ruugaa

independent genitive	singular / indefinite
singular possession	борщийнх borščiinx
collective possession	борщийнхон borščiinxon

Russian

Борщ со сметаной.

Alternative forms

• борщъ (boršč) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, originally meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beetroot soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [borɕː]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борща́, nominative plural борщи́, genitive plural борще́й, relational adjective борщево́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ц or борщо́к)

1. borscht, borsht, borshch, borsch (a soup made of beets and cabbage)
   • 1937, Владимир Набоков, “Глава третья”, in Дар; English translation from Michael Scammell with the collaboration of the author, transl., The Gift, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1963:

     Она медленно размешала в борще белый восклицательный знак сметаны, но затем, пожав плечом, отставила тарелку.

     Ona medlenno razmešala v boršče belyj vosklicatelʹnyj znak smetany, no zatem, požav plečom, otstavila tarelku.

     She was slowly mixing a white exclamation mark of sour cream into her borshch, but then, shrugging her shoulders, she pushed her plate away.

2. (dated) hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium)

Declension

Declension of борщ (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	бо́рщ bóršč	борщи́ borščí
genitive	борща́ borščá	борще́й borščéj
dative	борщу́ borščú	борща́м borščám
accusative	бо́рщ bóršč	борщи́ borščí
instrumental	борщо́м borščóm	борща́ми borščámi
prepositional	борще́ borščé	борща́х borščáx

Descendants

• → Armenian: բորշ (borš)
• → Bulgarian: борш (borš)
• → Czech: boršč
• → Japanese: ボルシチ (borushichi)
• → Macedonian: боршч (boršč)
• → Mongolian: борщ (boršč)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: бо̏ршч

  Latin script: bȍršč

• → Slovak: boršč
  • →? Pannonian Rusyn: борщ (boršč)
• → Slovene: boršč

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, first meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beet soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis. For the semantic shift compare Polish barszcz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɔrʃt͡ʃ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борщу́, nominative plural борщі́, genitive plural борщі́в, relational adjective борще́вий or борщови́й or борщівни́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ць)

1. borscht, beet soup
2. hogweed, Heracleum sphondylium

Declension

Declension of борщ (inan semisoft masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	борщ boršč	борщі́ borščí
genitive	борщу́ borščú	борщі́в borščív
dative	борще́ві, борщу́ borščévi, borščú	борща́м borščám
accusative	борщ boršč	борщі́ borščí
instrumental	борще́м borščém	борща́ми borščámy
locative	борщу́, борщі́ borščú, borščí	борща́х borščáx
vocative	бо́рщу bóršču	борщі́ borščí

Derived terms

• борщівни́к m (borščivnýk), борщівни́ця f (borščivnýcja) (seller of borscht; lover of borscht)
• борщува́ти impf (borščuváty) (to eat borscht)
• перебо́рщувати impf (perebórščuvaty), переборщи́ти pf (pereborščýty) (to overdo)

References

• Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “борщ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 179
• Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “*борщ*”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “борщ”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “борщ”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)

Yakut

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian борщ (boršč), from Old East Slavic борщь (borščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bu͡oɾɕː/, [bu͡o̞ɾɕː]

Noun

борщ • (borshc)

1. borscht

Declension

Declension of борщ

	singular	plural
nominative	борщ (borshc)	борщтр (borshctr)
partitive	борщт (borshct)	борщтрд (borshctrd)
definite accusative	борщ (borshc)	борщтр (borshctr)
dative-lative-locative	борщк (borshck)	борщтрг (borshctrg)
ablative	борщтн (borshctn)	борщтртн (borshctrtn)
instrumental	борщунн (borshcunn)	борщтрынн (borshctrınn)
comitative	борщтн (borshctn)	борщтрдн (borshctrdn)
sociative	борщтр (borshctr)	борщтрдр (borshctrdr)
obsolete comparative	борщтк (borshctk)	борщтрдк (borshctrdk)
elative	борщтҕр (borshctğr)	борщтрдҕр (borshctrdğr)

Alternative forms

• буорус (buorus)