пушка
Bulgarian
editEtymology
editCommon Slavic, from Old High German buhsa (“box”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhsā (“box”), from Late Latin buxis (“box”), from Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís, “boxwood box”). The "firearm" sense dates back to the 14th c.
There are numerous cognates in Slavic and Balkan languages, including Hungarian puska, Romanian pușcă, Albanian pushkë, Czech puška and Russian пу́шка (púška).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editпу́шка • (púška) f
Declension
editReferences
edit- “пушка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “пушка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “пушка¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, pages 20-21
Macedonian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editпу́шка • (púška) f (plural пу́шки, diminutive пу́вче or пу́шкиче)
Declension
editRelated terms
edit- пу́шкар m (púškar)
- пушка́рница f (puškárnica)
- пушка́рање n (puškáranje)
References
edit- “пушка” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Russian
editEtymology 1
editCommon Slavic. Inherited from Old East Slavic пушка (puška) / пушька (pušĭka). Further etymology is disputed:
- Vasmer: borrowed from Old High German buhsa via Czech puška, Polish puszka, from Vulgar Latin buxis, from Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís). Initial п- is of Bavarian origin.
- Černyh: possibly from *пущька (*puščĭka), from пущати (puščati, “to throw projectiles; to fire”). On the basis of West Slavic (and partly South Slavic) this word hybridized with Old High German buhsa. Compare Lower Sorbian buška.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editпу́шка • (púška) f inan (genitive пу́шки, nominative plural пу́шки, genitive plural пу́шек, relational adjective пу́шечный, diminutive пу́шечка)
- (military) gun, cannon
- 90-мм зени́тная пу́шка ― 90-mm zenítnaja púška ― 90-mm anti-aircraft gun
- автомати́ческая пу́шка ― avtomatíčeskaja púška ― autocannon
- (colloquial) gun, handgun
- (colloquial) hoax
- (slang) something evoking strong emotions
Usage notes
editIn modern military usage, пу́шка (púška) refers to an artillery piece with a relatively long barrel, operating with a relatively low angle of fire or as a direct fire weapon, e.g. a field gun, an anti-aircraft gun, or an autocannon.
Historically, the word пу́шка (púška) had been used to refer to any large artillery piece, similarly to the historical usage of the English word cannon.
Declension
editRelated terms
edit- пушка́рь m (puškárʹ)
References
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пушка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пу́шка”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 86
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editNoun
editпушка́ • (pušká) m inan
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editCommon Slavic, from Old High German būhse, from Latin pyxis, from Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editпу̏шка f (Latin spelling pȕška, diminutive пу̏шкица)
Declension
editDescendants
edit- → Albanian: pushkë
Further reading
edit- “пушка” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- Bulgarian terms derived from Old High German
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
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- mk:Weapons
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