район

Russian

Alternative forms

раіо́нъ (raión) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

First attested in 1865. Borrowed from French rayon, from rai + -on, from Latin radius.

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Is this from French "rayon" etymology 1 (< Latin radius) or etymology 2 (< Frankish for honeycomb)? Our English article raion disagrees.”

Regardless of etymology, not cognate with the English region, of which it is a false friend.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [rɐˈjɵn]
Audio: (file)

Noun

райо́н • (rajón) m inan (genitive райо́на, nominative plural райо́ны, genitive plural райо́нов, relational adjective райо́нный)

district
region, area

Declension

Declension of райо́н (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	райо́н rajón	райо́ны rajóny
genitive	райо́на rajóna	райо́нов rajónov
dative	райо́ну rajónu	райо́нам rajónam
accusative	райо́н rajón	райо́ны rajóny
instrumental	райо́ном rajónom	райо́нами rajónami
prepositional	райо́не rajóne	райо́нах rajónax

Derived terms

райони́ровать (rajonírovatʹ)
микрорайо́н (mikrorajón)

Descendants

→ English: raion
→ Ingrian: raijona, rajona
→ Romanian: raion
→ Uyghur: رايون (rayon)
→ Yakut: оройуон (oroyuon)

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “район”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “район”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 96

Ukrainian