-on
English edit
Etymology edit
- (Physics) From -on in electron, reinforced by Ancient Greek -ον (-on) ending neuter nouns and adjectives.
- (Chemistry) From -on in carbon, first applied to boron and then to silicon.
Suffix edit
-on
- (physics, mathematics and biology) Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon), molecular units (codon), or substances (interferon).
- (biology, genetics) Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon.
- (chemistry) Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon).
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Anagrams edit
Cebuano edit
Alternative forms edit
- -hon — after vowels without glottal stops.
Etymology edit
From Proto-Philippine *ən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ən, from Proto-Austronesian *ən (see Ilocano -en and Tagalog -in).
Suffix edit
-on
- forms nouns indicating objects, persons or action expressed by the root
- forms demonyms
- forms object trigger conjugation of verbs
Derived terms edit
Danish edit
Suffix edit
-on
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-on
- (organic chemistry) -one
- (particles) -on
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
See -Vn (illative suffix).
Suffix edit
-on
- Suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.
Anagrams edit
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old French -on, a blending of Latin -ōnem (accusative singular of -ō, masculine appellative suffix), Frankish *-on (accusative of *-ō, ending of masculine weak declension nouns), Frankish *-in (diminutive suffix), and *-ing (diminutive suffix for animals, via -enc, -enz). Some also descend from the Celtic singulative *-onos, such as mouton.
Suffix edit
-on
- Forming diminutives of things, including some animals.
- Forming augmentatives of things.
- Indicating origin or occupation.
Descendants edit
- → English: -oon
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ον (-on), neuter of -ος (-os), masculine adjective ending.
Suffix edit
-on
Derived terms edit
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
-ōn
- Romanization of -𐍉𐌽
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-on
- (case suffix) on. Used to form the superessive case.
- asztal (“table”) → az asztalon (“on the table”)
Usage notes edit
- (case suffix) Harmonic variants:
Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
---|---|---|---|
unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
nominative | — | ||
accusative | -t | ||
-ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
dative | -nak | -nek | |
instrumental | -val | -vel | |
causal-final | -ért | ||
translative | -vá | -vé | |
terminative | -ig | ||
essive-formal | -ként | ||
essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
inessive | -ban | -ben | |
superessive | -n | ||
-on | -en | -ön | |
adessive | -nál | -nél | |
illative | -ba | -be | |
sublative | -ra | -re | |
allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
elative | -ból | -ből | |
delative | -ról | -ről | |
ablative | -tól | -től | |
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként |
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-on
- (verb-forming suffix) Added to a stem ― often an onomatopoeia ― to form a verb, normally expressing an instantaneous action.
- oson (“to sneak”) (the instantaneous element is not present here)
Usage notes edit
- Harmonic variants:
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-on
Usage notes edit
- Harmonic variants:
- -n is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -an is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -on is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -en is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant, as well as some front-vowel words ending in a vowel (see above).
Derived terms edit
Etymology 4 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-on
- (personal suffix, chiefly dialectal or archaic) Indefinite third-person singular suffix (currently only in the imperative mood as part of -jon, formerly also occurring in the indicative).
Usage notes edit
- Harmonic variants:
See also edit
Further reading edit
- Szinnyei József: Alaktani adalékok (in Nyelvtudományi Közlemények, 1903, see page 249 in the PDF, page 243 in the original)
- Ifj. Domokos Pál Péter: Még egyszer a felelin-féle igealakokról (page 4 in the PDF, page 32 in the original)
Mohawk edit
Suffix edit
-on
- forms perfective aspect, which require patient pronouns
References edit
- Nora Deering; Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, page 371-372
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
A new formation from words such as ion (“ion”), from Ancient Greek -ου (-ou), neuter of -ος (-os), from Proto-Indo-European *-os (creates nouns from verb stems).
Pronunciation 1 edit
Suffix edit
-on (definite singular neuter -onet, indefinite plural -on or -oner, definite plural -onene or -ona)
- (physics, mathematics and biology) Used to form nouns denoting subatomic particles, quanta, molecular units, or substances; -on
- proton, elektron, nøytron, boson, gluon ― proton, electron, neutron, boson, gluon
- (chemistry, biology, genetics) Used to form nouns denoting certain organic compounds; -one, -on
- aceton, testosteron, kodon ― acetone, testosterone, codone
Pronunciation 2 edit
Suffix edit
-on (definite singular neuter -onet or definite singular masculine -onen, indefinite plural -on or -oner, definite plural -onene or -ona)
- (chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical substances and industrial products; -on
- radon, orlon, rayon ― radon, orlon, rayon
References edit
- “-on” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Old Saxon edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *-ōną.
Suffix edit
-on
- (verbal suffix) used to form the infinitive of class 2 weak verbs (an alternative ending -oian is sometimes found instead of -on)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | -on | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | -on | -oda |
2nd person singular | -os | -odes |
3rd person singular | -od | -oda |
plural | -iod | -odun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | -o | -odi |
2nd person singular | -os | -odis |
3rd person singular | -o | -odi |
plural | -ion | -odin |
imperative | present | |
singular | -o | |
plural | -iod | |
participle | present | past |
-ondi | -od |
Descendants edit
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-on m
Declension edit
Inanimate delcension:
Animate delcension:
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- -on in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Spanish edit
Suffix edit
-on m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ones)
- Obsolete spelling of -ón
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Most likely originally from smultron (“wild strawberry”) and nypon (“rosehip”) and then extended to other borrowed words with an original -a suffix. Probably originally a plural suffix cognate to Gothic -𐍉𐌽𐌰 (-ōna) in e.g. 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉𐌽𐌰 (augōna, “eyes”), compare Swedish ögon.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-on n
Derived terms edit
References edit
Anagrams edit
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
Suffix edit
-on
- Pluralisation suffix
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Suffix edit
-on
- (colloquial) verb suffix for the first-person plural preterite
- (colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person plural preterite