Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Probably borrowed from some Iranian reflex of Proto-Iranian *kas- (to be small, diminish, lessen). Compare from that root Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬫𐬀𐬵 (kasyah, smaller, lesser), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ks, small(er), less(er), young(er)), Persian که (keh, small), Nayini käs (small); Bactrian κισατο (kisato, least, youngest); Baluchi [script needed] (kisān, kasān, small); Middle Persian [script needed] (kʾstn' /⁠kāstan⁠/, to diminish, decrease, lessen), Persian کاستن (kâstan, to decrease). Further origin uncertain; compare perhaps German hager (gaunt) and Lithuanian kašėti (to lessen, become thin, dry, weaken). See ESIJa[1] and Cheung[2] for more on the Iranian words, without the Armenian. See also Old Armenian կրտսեր (krtser).

Noun edit

կէս (kēs)

  1. half
    ի կէս, կիսով չափi kēs, kisov čʻapʻby half; half done
    կէս ի կէսkēs i kēsin part, half, by halves, imperfectly
    կէս ի կէս բանիւ խոստանալkēs i kēs baniw xostanalto make a half promise; to promise with the lips, insincerely
    կէս ժամkēs žamhalf an hour
    զտասն եւ կէս ժամաւztasn ew kēs žamawat half past ten
    կէս գիշերkēs gišermidnight
    կէսի ճանապարհինkēsi čanaparhinhalf way
    հեռի իբր երկու եւ կէս խրասախօքheṙi ibr erku ew kēs xrasaxōkʻabout two leagues and a half distant
    ի կանգնոյ եւ ի կիսոյi kangnoy ew i kisoya cubit and a half
    ի տարւոջ եւ ի կիսումi tarwoǰ ew i kisumin a year and a half
    ի կէսն վերածելi kēsn veracelto reduce to half
    ի կէս աւուրց մեռանելi kēs awurcʻ meṙanelto die early, in the flower or bloom of youth
    եթէ կիսոյ կէս ի մէնջ մեռանիցիմքetʻē kisoy kēs i mēnǰ meṙanicʻimkʻif half of us die
    մեծ կէս աշխարհին աւերացաւmec kēs ašxarhin aweracʻawhalf the country was ruined
    եւ ահա ի կէս չէ/ոչ է ի կէս զոր պատմեցին ինձew aha i kēs čʻē/očʻ ē i kēs zor patmecʻin injnot half the truth was told me; that which was told me was not half the truth
    կէսքkēskʻsome
    կէսք..., այլք...kēskʻ..., aylkʻ...some... others...

Declension edit

Adverb edit

կէս (kēs)

  1. in part

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: կես (kes)
  • Georgian: კესი (ḳesi)

References edit

  1. ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 331–337
  2. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կէս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 581–582
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “կէս”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 1094b
  • Kerestedjian, Bedros (1945) Kerest Haig, editor, Étude philologique et lexicographique de 6000 mots et noms arméniens avec des comparaisons de 100.000 mots de 900 langues et des données historiques et géographiques[1] (in French), London: Bernard Quaritch Ltd., page 218
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 360
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կէս”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Viredaz, Rémy (2003) “The Great Armenian Puzzle is not Thorny”, in Annual of Armenian linguistics[2], numbers 22-23, page 64, footnote 21