کاستن
See also: کاشتن
Persian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Iranian *kas- (“to be small, diminish, lessen”), of uncertain further origin; compare perhaps German hager (“gaunt”) and Lithuanian kašėti (“to lessen, become thin, dry, weaken”).[1][2] Cognate with که (keh, “small”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬫𐬀𐬵 (kasyah, “smaller, lesser”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ks, “small(er), less(er), young(er)”), Nayini käs (“small”), Bactrian κισατο (kisato, “least, youngest”), Baluchi [script needed] (kisān, kasān, “small”), Sanskrit कशु (kaśu, “a name denoting 'the Small One'”), and Old Armenian կէս (kēs, “half; in part”), an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kɑːs.ˈtan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɒːs.t̪ʰǽn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɔs.t̪ʰǽn]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kāstan |
Dari reading? | kāstan |
Iranian reading? | kâstan |
Tajik reading? | kostan |
Verb edit
Dari | کاستن |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | костан |
کاستن • (kâstan) (present stem کاه (kâh))
- to decrease
Synonyms edit
Antonyms edit
- افزودن (afzudan)
References edit
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 331–337