برينة

Arabic

Alternative forms

• بَرِّيمة (barrīma), بَرَّانَة (barrāna), بَرَّامَة (barrāma)

Etymology

Romanists derive from Latin veruīna, whence Spanish barrena, Latin barrina. The internal Arabic variant sound change ن (n) → م (m) is paralleled by مِيجَم (mījam), كَرْزَم (karzam), إِبْزِيم (ʔibzīm). However old بَيْرَم (bayram, “gimlet”) disallows pure Latin origin, and Classical Arabic likewise used بَرَمَ (barama), أَبْرَمَ (ʔabrama, “to twist, to knot”), hence a kind of twisted rope بَرِيم (barīm) and modern business language بَرَمَ (barama, “to conclude, to settle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bar.riː.na/, /bir.riː.na/

Noun

بَرِّينة or بِرِّينَة • (barrīna or birrīna) f (plural بَرَارِين (barārīn))

1. stake, pale
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 7, Art. 46, pages 384 lines 2, 5 and 8:
     (we read for برنية in this unreliable edition)
2. drill, screw

Declension

Declension of noun بَرِّينة (barrīna)‎; بِرِّينَة (birrīna)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَرِّينة‎; بِرِّينَة barrīna‎; birrīna	الْبَرِّينة‎; الْبِرِّينَة al-barrīna‎; al-birrīna	بَرِّينة‎; بِرِّينَة barrīnat‎; birrīnat
Nominative	بَرِّينةٌ‎; بِرِّينَةٌ barrīnatun‎; birrīnatun	الْبَرِّينةُ‎; الْبِرِّينَةُ al-barrīnatu‎; al-birrīnatu	بَرِّينةُ‎; بِرِّينَةُ barrīnatu‎; birrīnatu
Accusative	بَرِّينةً‎; بِرِّينَةً barrīnatan‎; birrīnatan	الْبَرِّينةَ‎; الْبِرِّينَةَ al-barrīnata‎; al-birrīnata	بَرِّينةَ‎; بِرِّينَةَ barrīnata‎; birrīnata
Genitive	بَرِّينةٍ‎; بِرِّينَةٍ barrīnatin‎; birrīnatin	الْبَرِّينةِ‎; الْبِرِّينَةِ al-barrīnati‎; al-birrīnati	بَرِّينةِ‎; بِرِّينَةِ barrīnati‎; birrīnati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَرِّينتَيْن‎; بِرِّينَتَيْن barrīnatayn‎; birrīnatayn	الْبَرِّينتَيْن‎; الْبِرِّينَتَيْن al-barrīnatayn‎; al-birrīnatayn	بَرِّينتَيْ‎; بِرِّينَتَيْ barrīnatay‎; birrīnatay
Nominative	بَرِّينتَانِ‎; بِرِّينَتَانِ barrīnatāni‎; birrīnatāni	الْبَرِّينتَانِ‎; الْبِرِّينَتَانِ al-barrīnatāni‎; al-birrīnatāni	بَرِّينتَا‎; بِرِّينَتَا barrīnatā‎; birrīnatā
Accusative	بَرِّينتَيْنِ‎; بِرِّينَتَيْنِ barrīnatayni‎; birrīnatayni	الْبَرِّينتَيْنِ‎; الْبِرِّينَتَيْنِ al-barrīnatayni‎; al-birrīnatayni	بَرِّينتَيْ‎; بِرِّينَتَيْ barrīnatay‎; birrīnatay
Genitive	بَرِّينتَيْنِ‎; بِرِّينَتَيْنِ barrīnatayni‎; birrīnatayni	الْبَرِّينتَيْنِ‎; الْبِرِّينَتَيْنِ al-barrīnatayni‎; al-birrīnatayni	بَرِّينتَيْ‎; بِرِّينَتَيْ barrīnatay‎; birrīnatay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَرَارِين barārīn	الْبَرَارِين al-barārīn	بَرَارِين barārīn
Nominative	بَرَارِينُ barārīnu	الْبَرَارِينُ al-barārīnu	بَرَارِينُ barārīnu
Accusative	بَرَارِينَ barārīna	الْبَرَارِينَ al-barārīna	بَرَارِينَ barārīna
Genitive	بَرَارِينَ barārīna	الْبَرَارِينِ al-barārīni	بَرَارِينِ barārīni

References

• Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 135, with outlandish claim that “the variants with /m/ only result from ignorance or bad ear of Alcalá” – they are well known from Egyptian and Sudanese Arabic.