خار

See also: حار, جار, چار, and جاز

Mazanderani

Adjective

خار (xâr)

1. well

   ته خار هستی؟ ― te xâr hasti? ― Are you well?

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian thorn (hʾl /⁠xār⁠/), related to Sanskrit खर (khara, “sharp, rough, harsh”)). Compare Manichaean Middle Persian xʾr (xār).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χɔɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	xār
Dari reading?	xār
Iranian reading?	xâr
Tajik reading?	xor

Noun

Dari	خار
Iranian Persian
Tajik	хор

خار • (xâr) (plural خارها (xâr-hâ))

1. thorn
   • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The tale of Suhrāb”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎^[1]:

     ز خاشاک وز خار و شاخ درخت
     یکی آتشی برفروزید سخت

     zi xāšāk w-az xār u šāx-i diraxt
     yakē ātašē barfurōzīd saxt

     With straws, thorns, and tree branches,
     He quickly lit up a fire.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

Derived terms

• خارشُتُر (xâr-e šotor)

 

Descendants

• → Urdu: خار (xār)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “xār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 94

Urdu

the Siachen plant with golden خار, extant to the glaciers of northern Pakistan

Etymology

From Classical Persian خار (xār, “thorn”), from Middle Persian hʾl (xār, “thorn”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xɑːɾ/

Noun

خار • (xār) ? (Hindi spelling ख़ार)

1. thorn, prickle

Declension

Declension of خار
	singular	plural
direct	خار (xār)	خار (xār)
oblique	خار (xār)	خاروں (xārō̃)
vocative	خار (xār)	خارو (xārō)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• خارِ ماہی (xār-e-mahī, “fish hook”)
• خارِ عَقْرَب (xār-e-'aqrab, “scorpion sting”)
• خار راہ (xār-e-rāh, “obstacle, thorn in the path”)
• خار بَنْد (xār-band, “barbed-wire fence”)
• خار بَسْت (xār-bast, “bound by thorn”)
• خار و خَس (xār-o-xas, “trash, rubbish, sweepings”)
• خار خُشْک (xār-e-xusk, “dry thorn”)
• خارِ پُشْت (xār-e-pust, “a type of Indo-Persian weapon, hedgehog, porcupine, jackfruit”)
• خارِ شُتُر (xār-e-sutur, “Echimops Echinatu”)
• خارَک (xārak, “little thorn, dried or unripe dates”)
• خارِ تَرازُو (xār-e-tarāzū, “the hook of a weighting scale”)
• خار دینا (xār dēnā, “to hurt”)
• خارِش (xāris, “itch”)
• خارِ مُغِیلاں (xār-e-mugīlañ, “acacia thorn”)
• خارِسْتان (xāristān, “field of thorns”)
• خار دار تار (xār-dār-tār, “barbed wire”)
• گُلِ بے خار (gul-e-bexār, “thornless rose, a harmless thing”)
• بے خار (bexār, “fearless, young, without thorns”)
• نوک خار (nōk-e-xār, “tip of the thorn, spearhead of the thorn”)
• خارا شِکَنی (xārā-šikānī, “breaking thorn, hard work”)
• خارا شِگاف (xārā-šigāf, “stone-spliting, very sharp”)
• خارا تَراشی (xara-tarāšī, “the work of stone carving”)
• خارزار (xārzār, “place of thorns or thistles”)
• خاردار (xārdār, “thorny, prickly, bearded, troublesome, arduous”)
• وادیٔ پُر خار (vādī-e-por-xār, “valley of dangers, the path of hardship”)