گرج

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭰𐭠𐭭 pl (ʿlʿcʾn /⁠Wiruz-ān⁠/, “Iberians, Georgians”); compare Parthian 𐭅𐭉𐭓𐭔𐭍 pl (wyršn /⁠Wiruž-ān⁠/), Manichaean Parthian [Manichaean needed] pl (wrwcʾn), Old Armenian վիր-ք (vir-kʻ), Russian грузи́н (gruzín).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾd͡ʒ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾd͡ʒ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾd͡ʒ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥oɹd͡ʒ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾd͡ʒ]

Readings
Classical reading?	gurj
Dari reading?	gurj
Iranian reading?	gorj
Tajik reading?	gurj

Proper noun

گرج • (gorj)

1. (archaic) Georgia

   Synonym: گرجستان (gorjestân)

   • 1258-1273, Rumi, Masnavi

     در هوا می‌کرد خود بالای برج
     که هزیمت می‌شد از وی روم و گرج

     dar hawā mē-kard xwad bālā-yi burj
     ki hazīmat mē-šud az way rōm u gurj

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (archaic) Georgian (person)

   Synonym: گرجی (gorji)

Derived terms

• گرجی (gorji)
• گرجستان (gorjestân)
• گرجستانی (gorjestâni)
• گرجی‌محله (gorji-mahalle)

Descendants

• → Arabic: كُرْج (kurj)
• → Medieval Latin: Geōrgia
  • → English: Georgia (see there for further descendants)
  • → Middle French: Georgie
    • French: Géorgie
    • → Middle English: Georgie
      • English: Georgie (obsolete)
  • → Italian: Georgia
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: Georgia
  • → Romanian: Georgia
  • → Spanish: Georgia

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گرج”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Urdu

Etymology

From Sanskrit गर्जन (garjana).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡə.ɾəd͡ʒ/
• Rhymes: -əd͡ʒ

Noun

گرج • (garaj) f (Hindi spelling गरज)

1. thunder
2. roar

   شیر کی گرج سنو

   šēr kī garaj suno!

   listen to the roar of the lion!

Derived terms

• گَرَج دَار (garaj-dār, “thunderous”)
• گَرَجتِی آواز (garajtī-āvāz, “rumble”)
• گھَن گَرَج (ghan-garaj, “loud thunder”)
• گَھن گَرَج خِطابَت (ghan-garaj-xitābat, “enthusiastic speech”)

Related terms

• گرجنا (garajnā)

References

• “گرج”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.