ܓܘܢܝܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܓ ܘ ܐ‎ (g w ˀ)
9 terms

From ܓܵܘܵܐ‎ (gāwā, “inside, interior”) +‎ -ܝܐ‎ (-ānāyā, the intensive attributive adjective ending).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡɑːwɑːnɑːjɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒɑːwɑːnɑːjɑː]

Adjective

ܓܵܘܵܢܵܝܵܐ • (gāwānāyā) (feminine ܓܵܘܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ‎ (gāwānāytā), plural ܓܵܘܵܢܵܝܹ̈ܐ (gāwānāyē))

1. general, common, universal

   ‏ܡܸܠܬܵܐ ܓܪܝܼܫܬܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܫܸܪܫܵܐ ܓܵܘܵܢܵܝܵܐ‎‎ ― miltā grīštā min širšā gāwānāyā ― A verb drawn from a common root

Synonyms

• (general, common): ܓܵܘܵܢܵܝܵܐ‎ (gāwānāyā), ܟܠܵܢܵܝܵܐ‎ (kullānāyā)

Derived terms

• ܓܵܘܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂‎ (gāwānāˀīṯ, “generally”)

Etymology 2

Root
ܓ ܢ ܐ‎ (g n ˀ)
2 terms

From the verb ܓܲܢܹܐ‎ (gannē, “to disgrace”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡun.nɑːjɑː]

Noun

ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܐ • (gūnāyā) m sg (plural ܓܘܼܢܵܝܹ̈ܐ (gūnāyē))

1. insult, contumely
2. reproach, blame, complaint
3. calumny

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܐ (gūnāyā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܝܼ‎ (gūnāyī)		ܓܘܼܢܵܝܲܢ‎ (gūnāyan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܢܵܝ‎ (gūnāy)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܘܼܟ݂‎ (gūnāyūḵ)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܟ݂ܝ‎ (gūnāyāḵ)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (gūnāyāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܐ (gūnāyā)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܹܗ‎ (gūnāyēh)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܗ̇‎ (gūnāyāh)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܗܘܿܢ‎ (gūnāyhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܝܼ̈‎ (gūnāyī)		ܓܘܼܢܵܝܲܢ̈‎ (gūnāyan)
	construct	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܲܝ̈‎ (gūnāyay)	2nd person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܘܼ̈ܟ݂‎ (gūnāyūḵ)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܟ݂ܝ̈‎ (gūnāyāḵ)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ‎ (gūnāyāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܹ̈ܐ (gūnāyē)	3rd person	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܘܼ̈ܗܝ‎ (gūnāyūh)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝ̈ܘܿܗ̇‎ (gūnāyōh)	ܓܘܼܢܵܝܗ̈ܘܿܢ‎ (gūnāyhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek γωνίᾱ (gōníā).

Alternative forms

• ܓܘܢܝܬܐ‎ (gōnīṯā)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡonjɑ]

Noun

ܓܘܢܝܐ • (gōnyā) f (plural ܓܘܢܝܐܣ‎ (gōnyas) or ܓܘܢܘܬܐ‎ (gōnawwāṯā) or ܓܘܢܝܬܐ‎ (gōnayyāṯā))

1. corner
2. (geometry) angle, side

   Synonyms: ܙܘܝܬܐ‎, ܩܪܢܐ‎

3. carpenter's square, rule

Inflection

    declension of ܓܘܢܝܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢܝ‎	ܓܘܢܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܢ‎
construct	ܓܘܢܝ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬ ,ܓܘܢܝܬ‎
emphatic	ܓܘܢܝܐ	ܓܘܢܝܐܣ ,ܓܘܢܘܬܐ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܐ‎
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܢܝܝ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܝ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܟ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܝ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܢܝܗ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܗ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܢܝܗ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܢܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܘܢ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܝܗܘܢ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܝܗܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܬܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 2

From the root ܓ-ܢ-ܐ‎ (ɡ-n-ʾ) related to disgracing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡunnɑjɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡunnɑje] (plural)

Noun

ܓܘܢܝܐ • (gunnāyā) m (plural ܓܘܢܝܐ (gunnāyē))

1. insult, contumely
2. reproach, blame, complaint
3. calumny

Inflection

    inflection of ܓܘܢܝܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢܝ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܢ‎
construct	ܓܘܢܝ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝ‎
emphatic	ܓܘܢܝܐ	ܓܘܢܝܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܢܝܝ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝ‎
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܟ‎
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܝ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܟܝ‎
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܢܝܗ‎	ܓܘܢܝܘܗܝ‎
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܢܝܗ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܗ‎
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܢܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܢ‎
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܘܢ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܟܘܢ‎
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܝܟܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܟܝܢ‎
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܝܗܘܢ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܗܘܢ‎
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܝܗܝܢ‎	ܓܘܢܝܝܗܝܢ‎

Etymology 3

From the root ܓ-ܘ-ܐ‎ (ɡ-w-ʾ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡawwɑnɑjɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡawwɑnɑje] (plural)

Adjective

ܓܘܢܝܐ • (gawwānāyā) m (plural ܓܘܢܝܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܓܘܢܝܬܐ‎)

1. common, general, universal

Inflection

    declension of ܓܘܢܝܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢܝ	ܓܘܢܝܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܢܝ	ܓܘܢܝܝ
emphatic	ܓܘܢܝܐ	ܓܘܢܝܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢܝܐ	ܓܘܢܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܢܝܬ	ܓܘܢܝܬ
emphatic	ܓܘܢܝܬܐ	ܓܘܢܝܬܐ

Further reading

• “gwnyˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “gwny”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “gwny”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 44a, 45a, 51a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 65a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 217b