universal
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English universal, from Old French universal (modern French universel), from Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl̩/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌjunɪˈvɝsl̩/
Audio (US) (file) - Hyphenation: uni‧ver‧sal
- Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)səl
Adjective edit
universal (comparative more universal, superlative most universal)
- Of or pertaining to the universe.
- Common to all members of a group or class.
- 1911, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica:
- In Logic, the letter A is used as a symbol for the universal affirmative proposition in the general form "all x is y."
- 1922, Henry Ford, Samuel Crowther, chapter 4, in My Life and Work, Garden City, New York: Garden City Publishing Company, Inc., →OCLC:
- I had been planning every day through these years toward a universal car.
- Common to all society; worldwide.
- She achieved universal fame.
- a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The Life of John Dryden, Esq.”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page xiii:
- [John] Dryden's univerſal genius, his firmly eſtablished reputation, and the glory his memory muſt always reflect upon the nation that gave him birth, make us ardently wiſh for a more accurate life of him than any which has hitherto appeared: […]
- Unlimited; vast; infinite.
- Useful for many purposes; all-purpose.
- universal wrench
Synonyms edit
- (common to all members of a group or class): general; see also Thesaurus:generic
- (unlimited): see also Thesaurus:infinite
- (useful for many purposes): general-purpose, multi-purpose
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- abstract universal
- Saybolt universal second
- universal algebra
- universal arithmetic
- universal bank
- universal banking
- universal basic income
- universal chuck
- universal credit
- universal design
- universal design for instruction
- universal donor
- universal grammar
- universal grinder
- universal instrument
- universalise, universalize
- universal joint
- universal jurisdiction
- universal language
- universal lever
- universally
- universal masking
- universal mind
- universal morphism
- universal opportunity
- universal packager
- universal product code
- universal property
- universal quantifier
- universal set
- universal shunt
- universal solvent
- universal sorter
- universal suffrage
- universal Turing machine
- universal value
- universal veil
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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See also edit
Noun edit
universal (plural universals)
- (philosophy) A characteristic or property that particular things have in common.
- 1912, Bertrand Russel, The Problems of Philosophy, Chapter 9:
- When we examine common words, we find that, broadly speaking, proper names stand for particulars, while other substantives, adjectives, prepositions, and verbs stand for universals.
- 1970, John R. Searle, Speech acts[1]:
- We might also distinguish those expressions which are used to refer to individuals or particulars from those which are used to refer to what philosophers have called universals: e.g., to distinguish such expressions as "Everest" and "this chair" from "the number three", "the color red" and "drunkenness".
- 2021, Meghan O'Gieblyn, chapter 11, in God, Human, Animal, Machine […] , →ISBN:
- Empiricism was similarly a response to this loss of universals—a radically contingent world with no underlying order must constantly be studied and tested—and made God himself unnecessary: divine spirit and human spirit were alien enough to each other that they could function without taking each other into account.
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “universal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “universal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- S:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Universals
- The Medieval Problem of Universals - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ūniversālis. First attested in c. 1400.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Central) [u.ni.βərˈsal]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [u.ni.vərˈsal]
- IPA(key): (Valencian) [u.ni.veɾˈsal]
Adjective edit
universal m or f (masculine and feminine plural universals)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ “universal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Further reading edit
- “universal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “universal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “universal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
universal m or f (plural universais)
- of or pertaining to the universe
- world-wide, universal, common to all cultures
- Synonym: mundial
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “universal” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
German edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
universal (strong nominative masculine singular universaler, comparative universaler, superlative am universalsten)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old French universel, from Latin ūniversālis; equivalent to universe + -al.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
universal
- all-encompassing, subject to everything and everyone; having universal significance.
- (Late Middle English) absolute, subject to everything in a given area or subject (e.g. a settlement; a person)
- (Late Middle English) frequently practiced, usual, customary.
- (Late Middle English, rare) Given total leeway and control; with universal power.
- (Late Middle English, rare) unbiased, unprejudiced, nonpolitical
- (Late Middle English, rare) general, non-specific, generic
- (Late Middle English, philosophy, rare) unformed, uncreated, unmade.
- (Late Middle English, philosophy, rare) theoretical, abstract, general.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- English: universal
References edit
- “ūniversā̆l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-31.
Noun edit
universal
- (Late Middle English, philosophy, rare) A category, class, or classification.
Descendants edit
- English: universal
References edit
- “ūniversā̆l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-31.
Determiner edit
universal
- (Late Middle English) The whole, all of, every portion of, all parts of.
- (Late Middle English, rare) Every kind of; all sorts of
References edit
- “ūniversā̆l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-31.
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Languedocien) (file)
Adjective edit
universal m (feminine singular universala, masculine plural universals, feminine plural universalas)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Old French edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ūniversālis.
Adjective edit
universal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular universale)
Descendants edit
- French: universel
- → Middle English: universal, universall, unyversal, universalle, universell, uniyversale, universele, universel
- English: universal
Piedmontese edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
universal
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: u‧ni‧ver‧sal
Adjective edit
universal m or f (plural universais, comparable, comparative mais universal, superlative o mais universal or universalíssimo)
- (relational) universe; universal
- common to all society; universal; world-wide
- common to all members of a group or class; universal
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:universal.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “universal” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French universel, from Latin universalis. By surface analysis, univers + -al.
Adjective edit
universal m or n (feminine singular universală, masculine plural universali, feminine and neuter plural universale)
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | universal | universală | universali | universale | ||
definite | universalul | universala | universalii | universalele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | universal | universale | universali | universale | ||
definite | universalului | universalei | universalilor | universalelor |
Related terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ūniversālis.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
universal m or f (masculine and feminine plural universales)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “universal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014