ܓܪܒܝܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic גַרבְּיָא (garbəyā), from Akkadian gallābu šamê (gallābu šamê, “North wind”, literally “Barber of the sky”), in Mesopotamian contexts, the reference is usually to “northwest”, i.e., upriver, therefore related to ܓܲܠܵܒ݂ܵܐ (gallāḇā, “dagger”) and ܫܡܲܝܵܐ (šmayyā, “sky”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ɡar.bəjɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒar.bəjɑː]

Noun

ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ • (garbyā) m (uncountable)

1. north (compass point, 0° directed toward the North Pole)

   Synonym: ܐܸܣܬܵܢܵܐ (istānā)

   ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܙܘܼܝܵܚܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ ܕܐܲܬܪܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܪܹܝܫܵܐ ܕܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ.

   bit hāwē zuyyāḥā gāw garbyā d-atrā qā rēšā d-šēttā.

   There will be a celebration in the north of the country for the new year.

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ (garbyā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܲܪܒܝܝܼ (garbyī)		ܓܲܪܒܝܲܢ (garbyan)
	construct	ܓܲܪܒܹܐ (garbē)	2nd person	ܓܲܪܒܝܘܼܟ݂ (garbyūḵ)	ܓܲܪܒܝܵܟ݂ܝ (garbyāḵ)	ܓܲܪܒܝܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (garbyāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ (garbyā)	3rd person	ܓܲܪܒܝܹܗ (garbyēh)	ܓܲܪܒܝܵܗ̇ (garbyāh)	ܓܲܪܒܝܗܘܿܢ (garbihōn)

Coordinate terms

• (compass points) ܦܸܢܝܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܫܸܪ̈ܫܵܢܵܝܵܬ݂ܹܐ (pinyāṯē širšānāyāṯē);

ܓܲܪܒܹܐ ܡܲܥܪܒ݂ܵܐ (garbē maˁrḇā)	ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ (garbyā)	ܓܲܪܒܹܐ ܡܲܕ݂ܢܚܵܐ (garbē maḏnḥā)
ܡܲܥܪܒ݂ܵܐ (maˁrḇā)		ܡܲܕ݂ܢܚܵܐ (maḏnḥā)
ܬܲܝܡܲܢ ܡܲܥܪܒ݂ܵܐ (tayman maˁrḇā)	ܬܲܝܡܢܵܐ (taymnā)	ܬܲܝܡܲܢ ܡܲܕ݂ܢܚܵܐ (tayman maḏnḥā)

Derived terms

• ܓܲܪܒܝܵܐܝܼܬ (garbyāˀīt, “northerly”)
• ܓܲܪܒܝܵܝܵܐ (garbyāyā, “northern”)
• ܓܲܪܒܝܵܝܵܘܼܬܵܐ (garbyāyāūtā, “northernness”)
• ܦܵܘܚܵܐ ܕܓܲܪܒܝܵܐ (pāwḥā dgarbyā, “north wind”)
• ܩܘܼܛܒܵܐ ܓܲܪܒܝܵܝܵܐ (quṭbā garbyāyā, “north pole”)

 

Classical Syriac

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡarb(ə)jɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܓܪܒܝܐ • (transliteration needed) c(uncountable)

1. north wind
2. north

   Synonym: ܐܣܬܢܐ

Inflection

    declension of ܓܪܒܝܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܓܪܒܝ
construct	ܓܪܒܝ
emphatic	ܓܪܒܝܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܪܒܝܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܪܒܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܪܒܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܪܒܝܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܪܒܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܪܒܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܪܒܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܪܒܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܪܒܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܪܒܝܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܬܝܡܢܐ

Derived terms

• ܓܪܒܝܝ
• ܓܪܒܝܝܘܬܐ

Descendants

• → Arabic: جَرْبِيَاء (jarbiyāʔ)

References

• “grby”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 53b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 77a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 255b