ܫܡܝܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

ܫܡܝܐ

Alternative forms

• ܫܸܡܹܐ (šimmē)

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Syriac, from Proto-Semitic *šamāy-; compare Hebrew שָׁמַיִם (shamáyim), Arabic سَمَاء (samāʔ) and Akkadian 𒀭 (šamû). The natively inherited form is the rare alternative form ܫܸܡܹܐ (šimmē).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃmaj.jɑː]
• (Bakhdede, Aradhin) IPA^(key): [ʃɪmmeː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʃmɛjja]

Noun

ܫܡܲܝܵܐ • (šmayyā) m or f (plural ܫ̈ܡܲܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šmayyāṯā))

1. the sky, skies (the atmosphere above a given point)

   ܓܵܘܢܵܐ ܕܫܡܲܝܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܙܪܘܿܩܵܐ ― gāwnā d-šmayyā ìlēh zrōqā ― The colour of the sky is blue

   ܠܲܝܬ ܬܚܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ ܫܒ݂ܘܿܩ ܡ̣ܢ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ ― layt tḥūmē šḇōq min šmayyā ― The sky is the limit (literally, “There are no borders except for the sky”)

   • Matthew 16:2

     ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܝܼܠܹܗ ܪܲܡܫܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܐܵܡܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ، « ܨܸܚܘܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܕܘܼܢܝܹܐ ܣܵܒܵܒ ܣܡܝܼܩ ܠܹܗ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ ».

     īman d-īlēh ramšā kē āmrītōn, “ ṣiḥwā ìlāh dunyē sābāb smīq lēh šmayyā ”.

     When it is evening you say, “It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.”

2. (religion, uncountable) heaven (the afterlife of the blessed dead)

   Antonyms: ܓܹܗܲܢܵܐ (gēhannā), ܫܝܘܿܠ (šyōl)

3. (figurative) roof, ceiling, eaves

Usage notes

• This word is primarily feminine, but rarely masculine or plural.
• The plural form is largely of poetic usage and identical in meaning with the first definition of ‘sky, skies’

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܡܲܝܵܐ (šmayyā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܡܲܝܝܼ (šmayī)		ܫܡܲܝܲܢ (šmayyan)
	construct	ܫܡܲܝ (šmay)	2nd person	ܫܡܲܝܘܼܟ݂ (šmayūḵ)	ܫܡܲܝܵܟ݂ܝ (šmayyāḵ)	ܫܡܲܝܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šmayyāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܡܲܝܵܐ (šmayyā)	3rd person	ܫܡܲܝܹܗ (šmayyēh)	ܫܡܲܝܵܗ̇ (šmayyāh)	ܫܡܲܝܗܘܿܢ (šmayhōn)

Derived terms

• ܓܵܪܹܕ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ (gārēd šmayyā, “skyscraper”)
• ܫܡܲܝ ܚܸܟܵܐ (šmay ḥikkā, “gums”)
• ܫܡܲܝ ܦܘܼܡܵܐ (šmay pummā, “palate”)
• ܫܡܲܝ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ (šmay šmayyā, “heaven of heavens”)
• ܫܡܲܝܵܢܵܝܘܼܬܵܐ (šmayyānāyūtā, “heavenliness, celestialness”)
• ܫܡܲܝܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šmayyānāyā, “heavenly, celestial”)

 

See also

• ܪܩܝܼܥܵܐ (rqīˁā, “space, firmament”)

Proper noun

ܫܡܲܝܵܐ • (šmayyā) f or m

1. (Christianity, Judaism) Heaven (the abode of God and of the angels and saints in His presence)

   ܒܵܒܝܼ ܡܪܝܼܥ ܠܹܗ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܸܠܲܬ ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ، ܘܒܚܲܪܬܵܐ ܡܝܼܬ ܠܹܗ ܘܫܘܼܢܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܠܫܡܲܝܵܐ

   bābī mrīˁ lēh min ˁillat sarṭānā, w-b-ḥartā mīt lēh w-šūnē lēh l-šmayyā

   My father got sick with cancer, he then died and went to heaven.

   • Revelation 21:1

     ܗ̇ܝܓܵܗ ܚܙܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ ܚܕܲܬܵܐ ܘܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܚܕܲܬܵܐ، ܣܵܒܵܒ ܗ̇ܝ ܫܡܲܝܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܬܵܐ ܘܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܬܵܐ ܦܪܝܼܩ ܠܗܘܿܢ، ܘܝܵܡܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܹܪ݇ܢܵܐ.

     higāh ḥzē lī šmayyā ḥdattā w-arˁā ḥdattā, sābāb aya šmayyā qammāytā w-arˁā qammāytā prīq lhōn, w-yāmā layt wā ḥēnā.

     Now I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there was no more sea.

   Antonyms: ܓܹܗܲܢܵܐ (gēhannā), ܫܝܘܿܠ (šyōl)

See also

• ܦܲܪܕܵܝܣܵܐ (pardāysā, “paradise”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *šamāy- (“sky, heaven”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃ(ə)majjɑ] (singular and plural)

Noun

ܫܡܝܐ • (šmayyā) c (plural ܫܡܝܐ)

1. sky, skies
2. heaven, heavens, paradise

   Antonym: ܓܝܗܢܐ

3. (architecture) ceiling, roof, eaves
4. peak, height, highest part
5. shelter
6. pride

Usage notes

This world usually appears as singular and masculine.

Inflection

    declension of ܫܡܝܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܝܢ	ܫܡܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝ
emphatic	ܫܡܝܐ	ܫܡܝܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܡܝܟ	ܫܡܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܝ	ܫܡܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܡܘܗܝ	ܫܡܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܡܝܗ	ܫܡܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܡܝܢ	ܫܡܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܘܢ	ܫܡܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܝܢ	ܫܡܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܡܝܗܘܢ	ܫܡܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܡܝܗܝܢ	ܫܡܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܓܘܢ ܫܡܝܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܒܬܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܓܠܕܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܚܟܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܡܘܚܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܦܘܡܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܪܝܫܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܫܘܪܐ
• ܫܡܝ ܫܡܝܐ

 

Etymology 2

Adjective

ܫܡܝܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܡܝܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܡܝܬܐ)

1. Alternative spelling of ܫܐܡܝܐ

Inflection

    declension of ܫܡܝܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝܝ
emphatic	ܫܡܝܐ	ܫܡܝܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܝܐ	ܫܡܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܝܬ	ܫܡܝܬ
emphatic	ܫܡܝܬܐ	ܫܡܝܬܐ

Noun

ܫܡܝܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܡܝܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܡܝܬܐ)

1. Alternative spelling of ܫܐܡܝܐ

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܡܝܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܝ	ܫܡܝܝ
emphatic	ܫܡܝܐ	ܫܡܝܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܡܝܝ	ܫܡܝܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܡܝܟ	ܫܡܝܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܝ	ܫܡܝܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܡܝܗ	ܫܡܝܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܡܝܗ	ܫܡܝܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܡܝܢ	ܫܡܝܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܘܢ	ܫܡܝܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܡܝܟܝܢ	ܫܡܝܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܡܝܗܘܢ	ܫܡܝܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܡܝܗܝܢ	ܫܡܝܝܗܝܢ

References

• “šmyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 372b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 584a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1572b