ܡܨܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic edit
Etymology edit
| Root |
|---|
| ܡ ܨ ܐ (m ṣ ˀ) |
| 2 terms |
From Aramaic מְצָא (məṣā), from Akkadian 𒈠𒍮𒌑 (maṣûm, “to be equal; amount; be sufficient for”), from Proto-Semitic *mṯ̣ʔ- (“to reach”); compare Hebrew מָצָא (matsá, “to find”), and doublet of ܡܵܛܹܐ (māṭē, “to arrive; reach”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ܡܵܨܹܐ • (māṣē) (present participle ܡܨܵܝܵܐ (mṣāyā), past participle ܡܸܨܝܵܐ (miṣyā))
- can, to be able to
- ܠܹܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܒܸܡܨܵܝܵܐ ܢܵܦܹܫ! ― lē ìlēh bimṣāyā nāpēš! ― He can not breathe!
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܐܵܬܹܝܢ ܒܪܲܡܫܵܐ. ― kē māṣēn ātēn b-ramšā. ― I can come in the evening.
- ܡܲܠܦܵܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܹܗ ܐܸܠܘܼܟ݂، «ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܝܵܠܦܹܬ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ».
- malpānā mīrēh ilūḵ, “kē māṣēt yālpēt rābā mindyānē min āhā ktāḇā”.
- The teacher said to you, “you can learn many things from this book.”
- Romans 8:31:
- ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܐܵܡܪܲܚ ܒܘܼܬ ܐܲܢܹܐ؟ ܐܸܢ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܠܓܹܒܲܢ ܝܼܠܹܗ، ܡܵܢܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܐ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܕܲܠܩܘܼܒ݂ܠܲܢ؟
- mūdī āmraḥ būt annē? in allāhā l-gēban īlēh, mānī kē māṣē hāwē dalquḇlan?
- What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
- may
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܗܲܡܙܸܡܸܬ ܣܘܼܪܵܐܝܼܬ؟ ― kē māṣēt hamzimmit sūrāˀīt? ― May you speak Assyrian?
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܟܵܣܵܐ ܕܡ̈ܝܼܵܐ؟ ― kē māṣēn hāwē lī kāsā dmīyā? ― May I have a glass of water?
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܐ ܥܵܪܹܐ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ. ― kē māṣē ˁārē miṭrā qudmē. ― It may rain tomorrow.
Usage notes edit
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is sometimes used rhetorically to issue a command, placing the command in the form of a request. For instance, “ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܬ ܠܝܼ ܗ̇ܘ ܩܲܢܝܵܐ. ― māṣēt yāḇēt lī awa qanyā.” “Can you give me that pen?” as a polite substitution for “ܗܲܒ݂݇ܠ ܠܝܼ ܗ̇ܘ ܩܲܢܝܵܐ. ― hal lī awa qanyā.”
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is not used with verbs relating to the five senses:
- ܒܸܚܙܵܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܸܠܘܼܟ݂. ― biḥzāyā ìwen ilūḵ. ― I (can) see you (literally, “I am seeing you”) (not “ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܚܵܙܹܝܢܘܼܟ݂ ― kē māṣēn ḥāzēnūḵ”, which is “I can see (i.e. meet) you”)
- Regarding the use of ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) and ܝܵܕܹܥ (yādēˁ), three sub-senses must be distinguished:
- ܝܵܕܹܥ (yādēˁ) is used for “know how to do something, have learnt something”.
- ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕܥܹܢ ܣܚܵܝܵܐ. ― kē yādˁēn sḥāyā. ― I can swim. / I know how to swim. / I’ve learnt to swim.
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is generally used for “be currently capable of doing something”
- ܠܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܕܵܡܟ݂ܹܢ. ― lē māṣēn dāmḵēn. ― I can’t sleep. / I’m not currently able to fall asleep.
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is always used for “be free, allowed, unhindered to do something”.
- ܠܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܦܵܠܛܹܢ. ― lē māṣēn pālṭēn. ― I can’t go out. / I’m not allowed to go out. / Something prevents me from going out.
- ܝܵܕܹܥ (yādēˁ) is used for “know how to do something, have learnt something”.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| past | m | ܡܨܹܐ ܠܝܼ (mṣē lī) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (mṣē lūḵ) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܹܗ (mṣē lēh) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܲܢ (mṣē lan) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mṣē lāwḵōn) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (mṣē lhōn) |
| f | ܡܨܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (mṣē lāḵ) |
ܡܨܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (mṣē lāh) | |||||
| non-past | m | ܡܵܨܹܝܢ (māṣēn) |
ܡܵܨܹܝܬ (māṣēt) |
ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) |
ܡܵܨܲܚ (māṣaḥ) |
ܡܵܨܹܝܬܘܿܢ (māṣētōn) |
ܡܵܨܝܼ (māṣī) |
| f | ܡܵܨܝܵܢ (māṣyān) |
ܡܵܨܝܵܬܝ (māṣyāt) |
ܡܵܨܝܵܐ (māṣyā) | ||||
| imperative | m | ܡܨܝܼ (mṣī) |
ܡܨܹܝܡܘܼܢ (mṣēmūn) |
||||
| f | ܡܨܹܐ (mṣē) | ||||||
See also edit
References edit
- “mṣy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2022-07-28
- “ܡܵܨܹܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 July 28 (last accessed)
- “maṣû”, in Akkadian Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 July 28 (last accessed)
Classical Syriac edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ܡܨܐ • (mṣɑ) (imperfect ܢܡܨܐ (nemṣē))
- to be able
Etymology 2 edit
The passive participle of the above.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
The template Template:syc-adj does not use the parameter(s):pltr=mṣēnPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
ܡܨܐ • (mṣē) m (plural ܡܨܝܢ, singular feminine counterpart ܡܨܝܐ)
- able
- ܐܝܟ ܡܐ ܕܡܨܝܢܢ — akh mā damṣēnan — As much as we're able.
- ܡܨܐ ܟܠ — mṣē kul — omnipotent.
References edit
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 293