गाढ

See also: गढ़, गढी, गढ़ी, गाढा, and गाढ़ा

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (gāḍha), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha), from Sanskrit गाढ (gāḍha), from the root गाह् (gāh). Cognate with Gujarati ગાઢું (gāḍhũ), Hindustani گَاڑَھا (gāṛhā) / गाढ़ा (gāṛhā), Sindhi ڳاڙهو / ॻाढ़ो, Nepali गाढा (gāḍhā), Kholosi gahro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaɖʱ/

Adverb

गाढ • (gāḍh)

1. deeply

   गाढ झोपणे ― gāḍh jhopṇe ― to sleep soundly

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “गाढ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “गाढ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “गाढ”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গাঢ (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬵᬠ (Balinese script)
• গাঢ (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰯𑰛 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (Brahmi script)
• ဂါဎ (Burmese script)
• ગાઢ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਾਢ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌾𑌢 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦴꦞ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂰𑂛 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಾಢ (Kannada script)
• គាឍ (Khmer script)
• ຄາຒ (Lao script)
• ഗാഢ (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢟᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᢗᢎᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧑𑦻 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐵𑐝 (Newa script)
• ଗାଢ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢵꢟ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆳𑆞 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖯𑖛 (Siddham script)
• ගාඪ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩛𑩩 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚭𑚗 (Takri script)
• க³ாட⁴ (Tamil script)
• గాఢ (Telugu script)
• คาฒ (Thai script)
• གཱ་ཌྷ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒰𑒜 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨊𑨗 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Derived from the root गाह् (gāh).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.ɖʱɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑː.ɖʱɐ/

Adjective

गाढ • (gāḍha) stem (root गाह्)

1. dived into, bathed in
2. deeply entered, pressed together, tightly drawn, closely fastened, close, fast
3. thick, dense
4. strong, vehement, firm
5. very much, excessive, heavy

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गाढ (gāḍha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गाढः gāḍhaḥ	गाढौ / गाढा¹ gāḍhau / gāḍhā¹	गाढाः / गाढासः¹ gāḍhāḥ / gāḍhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	गाढ gāḍha	गाढौ / गाढा¹ gāḍhau / gāḍhā¹	गाढाः / गाढासः¹ gāḍhāḥ / gāḍhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गाढम् gāḍham	गाढौ / गाढा¹ gāḍhau / gāḍhā¹	गाढान् gāḍhān
Instrumental	गाढेन gāḍhena	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढैः / गाढेभिः¹ gāḍhaiḥ / gāḍhebhiḥ¹
Dative	गाढाय gāḍhāya	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढेभ्यः gāḍhebhyaḥ
Ablative	गाढात् gāḍhāt	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढेभ्यः gāḍhebhyaḥ
Genitive	गाढस्य gāḍhasya	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढानाम् gāḍhānām
Locative	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढेषु gāḍheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of गाढा (gāḍhā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गाढा gāḍhā	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढाः gāḍhāḥ
Vocative	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढाः gāḍhāḥ
Accusative	गाढाम् gāḍhām	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढाः gāḍhāḥ
Instrumental	गाढया / गाढा¹ gāḍhayā / gāḍhā¹	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढाभिः gāḍhābhiḥ
Dative	गाढायै gāḍhāyai	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढाभ्यः gāḍhābhyaḥ
Ablative	गाढायाः / गाढायै² gāḍhāyāḥ / gāḍhāyai²	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढाभ्यः gāḍhābhyaḥ
Genitive	गाढायाः / गाढायै² gāḍhāyāḥ / gāḍhāyai²	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढानाम् gāḍhānām
Locative	गाढायाम् gāḍhāyām	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढासु gāḍhāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of गाढ (gāḍha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गाढम् gāḍham	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढानि / गाढा¹ gāḍhāni / gāḍhā¹
Vocative	गाढ gāḍha	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढानि / गाढा¹ gāḍhāni / gāḍhā¹
Accusative	गाढम् gāḍham	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढानि / गाढा¹ gāḍhāni / gāḍhā¹
Instrumental	गाढेन gāḍhena	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढैः / गाढेभिः¹ gāḍhaiḥ / gāḍhebhiḥ¹
Dative	गाढाय gāḍhāya	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढेभ्यः gāḍhebhyaḥ
Ablative	गाढात् gāḍhāt	गाढाभ्याम् gāḍhābhyām	गाढेभ्यः gāḍhebhyaḥ
Genitive	गाढस्य gāḍhasya	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढानाम् gāḍhānām
Locative	गाढे gāḍhe	गाढयोः gāḍhayoḥ	गाढेषु gāḍheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit:
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha)
    • Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘰𑘛 (gāḍha)
      • Marathi: गाढ (gāḍh)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀠 (gāḍha)
    • Gurjara Apabhramsa:
      • Gujarati: ગાઢું (gāḍhũ)
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: गाढ़ा (gāṛhā)

        Urdu: گَاڑَھا (gāṛhā)

  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: गाढा (gāḍhā)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Kholosi: gahro
      • Sindhi:

        Arabic script: ڳاڙهو

        Devanagari script: ॻाढ़ो

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गाढ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 354, column 3.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gāḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press