घृत

See also: घात

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ঘৃত (Assamese script)
ᬖᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
ঘৃত (Bengali script)
𑰑𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀖𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
ဃၖတ (Burmese script)
ઘૃત (Gujarati script)
ਘ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌘𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
ꦓꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
𑂐𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
ಘೃತ (Kannada script)
ឃ្ឫត (Khmer script)
ຆ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
ഘൃത (Malayalam script)
ᢚᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘑𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
ᠺᠾᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦱𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
𑐑𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
ଘୃତ (Odia script)
ꢕꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
𑆔𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
𑖑𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
ඝෘත (Sinhalese script)
𑩟𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
𑚍𑚙 (Takri script)
க்⁴ரித (Tamil script)
ఘృత (Telugu script)
ฆฺฤต (Thai script)
གྷྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
𑒒𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
𑨎𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡʱr̩.tɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡʱr̩.t̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

From घृ (ghṛ, “to rub, to ceremonially anoint, to sprinkle”) +‎ -त (-ta, verbal adjective suffix).

Adjective

घृत • (ghṛtá) stem

sprinkled

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of घृत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृतः (ghṛtáḥ)	घृतौ (ghṛtaú) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ) घृतासः¹ (ghṛtā́saḥ¹)
accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृतौ (ghṛtaú) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृतान् (ghṛtā́n)
instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛténa)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaíḥ) घृतेभिः¹ (ghṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	घृताय (ghṛtā́ya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtā́t)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtásya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛtéṣu)
vocative	घृत (ghṛ́ta)	घृतौ (ghṛ́tau) घृता¹ (ghṛ́tā¹)	घृताः (ghṛ́tāḥ) घृतासः¹ (ghṛ́tāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of घृता
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृता (ghṛtā́)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ)
accusative	घृताम् (ghṛtā́m)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ)
instrumental	घृतया (ghṛtáyā) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभिः (ghṛtā́bhiḥ)
dative	घृतायै (ghṛtā́yai)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतायाः (ghṛtā́yāḥ) घृतायै² (ghṛtā́yai²)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतायाः (ghṛtā́yāḥ) घृतायै² (ghṛtā́yai²)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृतायाम् (ghṛtā́yām)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतासु (ghṛtā́su)
vocative	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृताः (ghṛ́tāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛténa)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaíḥ) घृतेभिः¹ (ghṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	घृताय (ghṛtā́ya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtā́t)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtásya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛtéṣu)
vocative	घृत (ghṛ́ta)	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृतानि (ghṛ́tāni) घृता¹ (ghṛ́tā¹)

¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From घृ (ghṛ, “to shine, burn”) +‎ -त (-ta, verbal adjective suffix).

Adjective

घृत • (ghṛtá) stem

illumined

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of घृत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृतः (ghṛtáḥ)	घृतौ (ghṛtaú) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ) घृतासः¹ (ghṛtā́saḥ¹)
accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृतौ (ghṛtaú) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृतान् (ghṛtā́n)
instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛténa)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaíḥ) घृतेभिः¹ (ghṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	घृताय (ghṛtā́ya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtā́t)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtásya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛtéṣu)
vocative	घृत (ghṛ́ta)	घृतौ (ghṛ́tau) घृता¹ (ghṛ́tā¹)	घृताः (ghṛ́tāḥ) घृतासः¹ (ghṛ́tāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of घृता
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृता (ghṛtā́)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ)
accusative	घृताम् (ghṛtā́m)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृताः (ghṛtā́ḥ)
instrumental	घृतया (ghṛtáyā) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभिः (ghṛtā́bhiḥ)
dative	घृतायै (ghṛtā́yai)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतायाः (ghṛtā́yāḥ) घृतायै² (ghṛtā́yai²)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतायाः (ghṛtā́yāḥ) घृतायै² (ghṛtā́yai²)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृतायाम् (ghṛtā́yām)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतासु (ghṛtā́su)
vocative	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृताः (ghṛ́tāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛténa)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaíḥ) घृतेभिः¹ (ghṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	घृताय (ghṛtā́ya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtā́t)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtásya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛtéṣu)
vocative	घृत (ghṛ́ta)	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृतानि (ghṛ́tāni) घृता¹ (ghṛ́tā¹)

¹Vedic

Etymology 3

Of uncertain origin.

Traditionally derived from the root घृ (ghṛ, “to rub, sprinkle”) and compared with विघृत (vighṛta, “besprinkled, dripping”).^[1] However, considering that the word refers to "melted (heated) butter", it is more likely that the word derives from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr-tos, from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”). In the latter case, cognate with Etymology 2, as well as Middle Irish gert (“a product of cattle excluding calves, esp. milk or manure”).^[2]

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Ghee

Wikipedia

घृत • (ghṛtá) stem, n

ghee
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.86.6:
  ए॒वेन्द्रा॒ग्निभ्या॒महा॑वि ह॒व्यं शू॒ष्यं॑ घृ॒तं न पू॒तमद्रि॑भिः।
  ता सू॒रिषु॒ श्रवो॑ बृ॒हद्र॒यिं गृ॒णत्सु॑ दिधृत॒मिषं॑ गृ॒णत्सु॑ दिधृतम्॥
  evéndrāgníbhyāmáhāvi havyáṃ śūṣyàṃ ghṛtáṃ ná pūtámádribhiḥ.
  tā́ sūríṣu śrávo bṛhádrayíṃ gṛṇátsu didhṛtamíṣaṃ gṛṇátsu didhṛtam.
  The strength-bestowing offering thus to Indra-Agni have been paid, as butter, purified by stones. Deal to our princes high renown, deal wealth to those who sing your praise, deal food to those who sing your praise.
fat

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtám)	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतानि (ghṛtā́ni) घृता¹ (ghṛtā́¹)
instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛténa)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaíḥ) घृतेभिः¹ (ghṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	घृताय (ghṛtā́ya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtā́t)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtā́bhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtásya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtā́nām)
locative	घृते (ghṛté)	घृतयोः (ghṛtáyoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛtéṣu)
vocative	घृत (ghṛ́ta)	घृते (ghṛ́te)	घृतानि (ghṛ́tāni) घृता¹ (ghṛ́tā¹)

¹Vedic

Related terms

सर्पिस् (sarpís)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: giŕu
- Kashmiri: گیێو (gyev)
- Phalura: گھیڑ (ghīṛ)
- Savi: giṛ
- Shina: گِ (gi), گِیہ (gīh), گھِی (ghī)
- Shumashti: gə̄t
- Torwali: گھِیت (ghīt)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: gíu
Pali: ghata
Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀅 (ghia), 𑀖𑀬 (ghaya)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
    - Awadhi: घिउ (ghiu)
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida)
    - Braj: घी (ghī)
    - Domaaki: گری (giryu)
    - Hindustani:
      Hindi: घी (ghī)
      → English: ghee
      
      Urdu: گھی (ghī)
    - Romani: gir, giri, gres, khil
      - Lomavren: Քըլ (Kʻəl)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀅 (ghia)
    - Assamese: ঘিঁউ (ghĩu)
    - Bengali: ঘি (ghi)
    - Bihari: घ्यू (ghyū)
      - Bhojpuri: ghīv
        Kaithi script: 𑂐𑂲𑂫
        
        Devanagari script: घीव
      - Maithili: घी (ghī)
  - Rohingya: gíi
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: घिउ (ghiu)
      - Kumaoni: घ्यूँ (ghyū̃)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: घिउ (ghiu)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Bhadrawahi: घी (ghī), घिउ (ghiu)
- Northwestern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Lahnda: گھیو (gheo)
      - Punjabi: ਘਿਉ (ghiu), ਘੇ (ghe), ਘੇਵ (ghev), ਘੇਉ (gheu), ਘੇਓ (gheo)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: gihu
        Arabic script: گِهُ
        
        Devanagari script: गिहु
        
        Kachchi: ઘી (ghī)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - ⇒ Dhivehi: ގިތެއު (giteu)
    - Sinhalese: ගිය (giya)
      - ⇒ Sinhalese: ගිතෙල් (gitel)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Konkani: ghī
      Devanagari script: घी
      
      Kannada script: ಘೀ
      
      Latin script: ghi
    - Marathi: घी (ghī)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida)
    - Gujarati: ઘી (ghī)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 516
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 212-3

घृत

Contents

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Declension

Etymology 2

Adjective

Declension

Etymology 3

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Descendants

References

Further reading