ज्ञान
Hindi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna), from the root verb ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editज्ञान • (jñān) m (Urdu spelling گیان)
- knowledge
- मुझे इसका कुछ भी ज्ञान नहीं है।
- mujhe iskā kuch bhī jñān nahī̃ hai.
- I have no knowledge of it at all.
- हमारा शिक्षक व्यापक ज्ञान की खान है।
- hamārā śikṣak vyāpak jñān kī khān hai.
- Our professor is a vast storehouse of general knowledge.
- गुरूजी, और ज्ञान बाटो!
- gurūjī, aur jñān bāṭo!
- Oh Guru, please enlighten us with knowledge! (sarcastic)
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | ज्ञान jñān |
ज्ञान jñān |
oblique | ज्ञान jñān |
ज्ञानों jñānõ |
vocative | ज्ञान jñān |
ज्ञानो jñāno |
References
edit- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “ज्ञान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Marathi
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Marathi 𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘰𑘡 (jñāna), from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna), from the root verb ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”). Doublet of जाण (jāṇ).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editज्ञान • (dnyān) n
- knowledge
- खरे ज्ञान म्हणजे एखाद्याच्या अज्ञानाची व्याप्ती जाणून घेणे.
- khare dnyān mhaṇje ekhādyācyā adnyānācī vyāptī jāṇūn gheṇe.
- Real knowledge is to know the extent of one's ignorance.
Declension
editDeclension of ज्ञान (neut cons-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
ज्ञान jñān | ||
direct plural |
ज्ञाने, ज्ञानं jñāne, dnyāna | ||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
nominative प्रथमा |
ज्ञान jñān |
ज्ञाने, ज्ञानं jñāne, dnyāna | |
oblique सामान्यरूप |
ज्ञाना jñānā |
ज्ञानां- jñānān- | |
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
ज्ञानाला jñānālā |
ज्ञानांना jñānānnā | |
ergative | ज्ञानाने, ज्ञानानं jñānāne, jñānāna |
ज्ञानांनी jñānānnī | |
instrumental | ज्ञानाशी jñānāśī |
ज्ञानांशी jñānānśī | |
locative सप्तमी |
ज्ञानात jñānāt |
ज्ञानांत jñānāt | |
vocative संबोधन |
ज्ञाना jñānā |
ज्ञानांनो jñānānno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of ज्ञान (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
ज्ञानाचा jñānāċā |
ज्ञानाचे jñānāċe |
ज्ञानाची jñānācī |
ज्ञानाच्या jñānācā |
ज्ञानाचे, ज्ञानाचं jñānāċe, jñānāċa |
ज्ञानाची jñānācī |
ज्ञानाच्या jñānācā | |
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
ज्ञानांचा jñānānċā |
ज्ञानांचे jñānānċe |
ज्ञानांची jñānāñcī |
ज्ञानांच्या jñānāncā |
ज्ञानांचे, ज्ञानांचं jñānānċe, jñānānċa |
ज्ञानांची jñānāñcī |
ज्ञानांच्या jñānāñcā | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
Related terms
edit- अज्ञान (adnyān, “ignorance”)
- ज्ञानी (dnyānī, “wise”)
- तंत्रज्ञान (tantradnyān, “technology”)
- विज्ञान (vidnyān, “science”)
References
edit- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “ज्ञान”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “ज्ञान”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Nepali
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editज्ञान • (gyān)
References
edit- “ज्ञान”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary][1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “ज्ञान”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
Sanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- জ্ঞান (Assamese script)
- ᬚ᭄ᬜᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
- জ্ঞান (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑁆𑀜𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ဇ္ဉာန (Burmese script)
- જ્ઞાન (Gujarati script)
- ਜ੍ਞਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑍍𑌞𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦘꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂹𑂖𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಜ್ಞಾನ (Kannada script)
- ជ្ញាន (Khmer script)
- ຊ຺ຎານ (Lao script)
- ജ്ഞാന (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠨᡳᠶᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠽᡛᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଜ୍ଞାନ (Odia script)
- ꢙ꣄ꢛꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
- ඥාන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣 𑪙𑩥𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚶𑚓𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
- ஜ்ஞாந (Tamil script)
- జ్ఞాన (Telugu script)
- ชฺญาน (Thai script)
- ཛྙཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑩇𑨓𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom the root ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”) + -अन (-ana).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editज्ञान • (jñā́na) stem, n
- knowing, becoming acquainted with, knowledge, (esp.) the higher knowledge (in Buddhism, pure awareness free from conceptual constructs; in Hinduism, true knowledge of the Self's identity with the Ultimate Reality)
- "knowledge about anything cognizance" (compare ज्ञानतस् (jñānatas) and अज्ञान (ajñāna))
- ज्ञानाद् अज्ञानाद् वा ― jñānād ajñānād vā ― knowingly or ignorantly
- conscience
- = ज्ञानेन्द्रिय (jñānendriya)
- engaging in (+ genitive, e.g. सर्पिषस् (sarpiṣas, “in sacrifice with clarified butter”))
- name of a shakti
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ज्ञानम् (jñā́nam) | ज्ञाने (jñā́ne) | ज्ञानानि (jñā́nāni) ज्ञाना¹ (jñā́nā¹) |
accusative | ज्ञानम् (jñā́nam) | ज्ञाने (jñā́ne) | ज्ञानानि (jñā́nāni) ज्ञाना¹ (jñā́nā¹) |
instrumental | ज्ञानेन (jñā́nena) | ज्ञानाभ्याम् (jñā́nābhyām) | ज्ञानैः (jñā́naiḥ) ज्ञानेभिः¹ (jñā́nebhiḥ¹) |
dative | ज्ञानाय (jñā́nāya) | ज्ञानाभ्याम् (jñā́nābhyām) | ज्ञानेभ्यः (jñā́nebhyaḥ) |
ablative | ज्ञानात् (jñā́nāt) | ज्ञानाभ्याम् (jñā́nābhyām) | ज्ञानेभ्यः (jñā́nebhyaḥ) |
genitive | ज्ञानस्य (jñā́nasya) | ज्ञानयोः (jñā́nayoḥ) | ज्ञानानाम् (jñā́nānām) |
locative | ज्ञाने (jñā́ne) | ज्ञानयोः (jñā́nayoḥ) | ज्ञानेषु (jñā́neṣu) |
vocative | ज्ञान (jñā́na) | ज्ञाने (jñā́ne) | ज्ञानानि (jñā́nāni) ज्ञाना¹ (jñā́nā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
edit- अज्ञान (ajñāna, “ignorance”)
- विज्ञान (vijñāna, “cognitive capacity, discernment, intelligence; proficiency; consciousness”)
- प्रज्ञान (prajñāna, “knowledge, wisdom, intelligence”)
- ज्ञानपाल (jñānapāla)
Descendants
edit- Maharastri Prakrit:
- Old Marathi: जाण (j̈āṇ)
- Pali: ñāṇa
- Prakrit:
- → Assamese: জ্ঞান (gyan) (learned)
- → Bengali: জ্ঞান (gên) (learned)
- → English: jnana (learned)
- → Gujarati: જ્ઞાન (jñān) (learned)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kannada: ಜ್ಞಾನ (jñāna)
- → Nepali: ज्ञान (gyān)
- → Old Marathi: 𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘰𑘡 (jñāna)
- Marathi: ज्ञान (dnyān)
- → Punjabi: ਗਿਆਨ (giāna)
- → Old Tamil: 𑀜𑀸𑀷𑀫𑁆 (ñāṉam)
- Tamil: ஞானம் (ñāṉam)
- → Telugu: జ్ఞానము (jñānamu)
- → Sylheti: ꠉꠤꠀꠘ (gian)
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “ज्ञान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0426.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Marathi terms inherited from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms derived from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi doublets
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi terms with audio pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
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- Marathi terms with usage examples
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi neuter consonant-stem nouns
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root ज्ञा
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -अन
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms with usage examples
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns