बादशाह

See also: बादशहा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بادشاه (bādšāh), variant of پادشاه (pādišāh). Compare Maithili बादसाह (bādᵊsāh) / 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒮𑒰𑒯 (bādasāha), Punjabi ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ (bādśāh) / بادْشاہ (bādśāh), Sindhi بادشاهُ / बादशाहु, Gujarati બાદશાહ (bādśāh), Marathi बादशहा (bādaśhā), Bengali বাদশাহ (badśah), Telugu పాదుషా (pāduṣā).

The 18th-century philologist Ārzū says that the first consonant changed because پادشاه (pādišāh) sounded inappropriate in Hindi, probably a reference to Urdu پاد (pād) / Hindi पाद (pād, “fart, flatulence”). In other words Persian 'P' sound changed into 'B' in Arabic as there is no 'P' in Arabic.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bɑːd̪.ʃɑːɦ/, [bäːd̪.ʃäːʱ]

Noun

बादशाह • (bādśāh) m (Urdu spelling بَادْشَاہ)

1. Badshah, Padishah; Muslim king

   Synonyms: शहंशाह (śahañśāh), सम्राज (samrāj), सुल्तान (sultān), राजा (rājā), महाराजा (mahārājā), सम्राट (samrāṭ)

2. (chess, card games) king

Declension

Declension of बादशाह (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	बादशाह bādśāh	बादशाह bādśāh
oblique	बादशाह bādśāh	बादशाहों bādśāhõ
vocative	बादशाह bādśāh	बादशाहो bādśāho

Coordinate terms

Playing cards in Hindi · ताश (tāś) (layout · text)
इक्का (ikkā)	दुक्की (dukkī)	तिक्की (tikkī)	चौका (caukā)	पंजा (pañjā)	छक्का (chakkā)	सत्ता (sattā)
अट्ठा (aṭṭhā)	नहला (nahlā)	दहला (dahlā)	ग़ुलाम (ġulām)	रानी (rānī) बेगम (begam)	राजा (rājā) बादशाह (bādśāh)	जोकर (jokar)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “बादशाह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Hindi बादशाह (bādśāh), from Classical Persian بَادْشَاه (bādšāh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bäd̪sä̤ː], [bäsːä]
• Phonetic Devanagari: बाद्साः

Noun

बादशाह • (bādśāha)

1. (card games) king

Coordinate terms

Playing cards in Nepali · तास (tās) (layout · text)
एक्का (ekkā)	दुक्का (dukkā)	तिक्का (tikkā)	चौका (caukā)	पन्जा (panjā), पंजा (pañjā)	छक्का (chakkā)	सत्ता (sattā)
अट्ठा (aṭṭhā)	नहल (nahal)	दहल (dahal)	गुलाम (gulām)	मिस्सी (missī), रानी (rānī)	बादशाह (bādśāha)	जोकर (jokar)

Further reading

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1931) “बाद्साह”, in A comparative and etymological dictionary of the Nepali language, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, page 433