भगिनी

See also: भागना

Pali edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative forms

bhaginī (Latin script)
𑀪𑀕𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ভগিনী (Bengali script)
භගිනී (Sinhalese script)
ဘဂိနီ or ဘဂိနဳ or ꧤၷိၼီ (Burmese script)
ภคินี or ภะคินี (Thai script)
ᨽᨣᩥᨶᩦ (Tai Tham script)
ຠຄິນີ or ຠະຄິນີ (Lao script)
ភគិនី (Khmer script)
𑄞𑄉𑄨𑄚𑄩 (Chakma script)

Noun edit

भगिनी f

Devanagari script form of bhaginī

Declension edit

Declension table of "भगिनी" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भगिनी (bhaginī)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)
Accusative (second)	भगिनिं (bhaginiṃ) or भगिनियं (bhaginiyaṃ)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)
Instrumental (third)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीहि (bhaginīhi) or भगिनीभि (bhaginībhi)
Dative (fourth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीनं (bhaginīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीहि (bhaginīhi) or भगिनीभि (bhaginībhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीनं (bhaginīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā) or भगिनियं (bhaginiyaṃ)	भगिनीसु (bhaginīsu)
Vocative (calling)	भगिनि (bhagini)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)

Sanskrit edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative scripts

ভগিনী (Assamese script)
ᬪᬕᬶᬦᬷ (Balinese script)
ভগিনী (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰐𑰰𑰡𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑀕𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ဘဂိနီ (Burmese script)
ભગિની (Gujarati script)
ਭਗਿਨੀ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌭𑌗𑌿𑌨𑍀 (Grantha script)
ꦨꦒꦶꦤꦷ (Javanese script)
𑂦𑂏𑂱𑂢𑂲 (Kaithi script)
ಭಗಿನೀ (Kannada script)
ភគិនី (Khmer script)
ຠຄິນີ (Lao script)
ഭഗിനീ (Malayalam script)
ᢨᠠᡤᡳᠨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘥𑘐𑘱𑘡𑘲 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠠᠺᠢᠨᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧅𑦰𑧒𑧁𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑐐𑐶𑐣𑐷 (Newa script)
ଭଗିନୀ (Odia script)
ꢩꢔꢶꢥꢷ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆓𑆴𑆤𑆵 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖐𑖰𑖡𑖱 (Siddham script)
භගිනී (Sinhalese script)
𑩳𑩞𑩑𑩯𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚡𑚌𑚮𑚝𑚯 (Takri script)
ப⁴கி³நீ (Tamil script)
భగినీ (Telugu script)
ภคินี (Thai script)
བྷ་གི་ནཱི (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒑𑒱𑒢𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
𑨡𑨍𑨁𑨝𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology edit

Of uncertain origin. Has been connected to भग (bhaga) in both the "good fortune" and "vulva" senses (the latter sense is considered to be specialized from the former sense). However, Ghurye rejects connections to भग (bhaga) and the related भाग (bhāga, “luck, fortune”), as well as to भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ, “brother”), as fanciful.^[1] Descendant terms in attested Middle Indo-Aryan and most Neo Indo-Aryan languages start with the syllable bah-, which presupposes Old Indo-Aryan *bagh-, making a derivation from an unattested form *बघिनी (baghinī) plausible; due to the unlikelihood of a metathesis of initial aspiration in Indo-Aryan, the attested form may postdate the unattested one.^[2]

Noun edit

भगिनी • (bhaginī) stem, f

Declension edit

Feminine ī-stem declension of भगिनी (bhaginī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भगिनी bhaginī	भगिन्यौ / भगिनी¹ bhaginyau / bhaginī¹	भगिन्यः / भगिनीः¹ bhaginyaḥ / bhaginīḥ¹
Vocative	भगिनि bhagini	भगिन्यौ / भगिनी¹ bhaginyau / bhaginī¹	भगिन्यः / भगिनीः¹ bhaginyaḥ / bhaginīḥ¹
Accusative	भगिनीम् bhaginīm	भगिन्यौ / भगिनी¹ bhaginyau / bhaginī¹	भगिनीः bhaginīḥ
Instrumental	भगिन्या bhaginyā	भगिनीभ्याम् bhaginībhyām	भगिनीभिः bhaginībhiḥ
Dative	भगिन्यै bhaginyai	भगिनीभ्याम् bhaginībhyām	भगिनीभ्यः bhaginībhyaḥ
Ablative	भगिन्याः / भगिन्यै² bhaginyāḥ / bhaginyai²	भगिनीभ्याम् bhaginībhyām	भगिनीभ्यः bhaginībhyaḥ
Genitive	भगिन्याः / भगिन्यै² bhaginyāḥ / bhaginyai²	भगिन्योः bhaginyoḥ	भगिनीनाम् bhaginīnām
Locative	भगिन्याम् bhaginyām	भगिन्योः bhaginyoḥ	भगिनीषु bhaginīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants edit

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀪𑀇𑀡𑀺 (bhaïṇi)
Dardic:
- Kashmiri: بیٚنہِ (beni)
Gandhari: 𐨧𐨒𐨁𐨣𐨁 (bhagini)
Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (*bhaiṇī), *𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (*bahiṇī)
- Early Assamese: বহিনী (bohinī), *ভৈনী (bhoinī)
  - Assamese: বৈনী (boini), বনী (boni), ভনী (bhoni)
- Middle Bengali: বহিন (bohin), ভইনী (bhoini), ভইন (bhoin)
  - Bengali: বহিন (bohin), বইন (boin), বোন (bōn)
- → Bengali: ভগিনী (bhogini)
- Kamta: বৈনী (boini)
- Sylheti: ꠜꠂꠘ (boin)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (bhaiṇī), 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (bahiṇī)
- Konkani: भैण (bhaiṇ)
- Old Marathi: बहिणी (bahiṇī)
  - Marathi: बहीण (bahīṇ)
→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (bhaginī)
Pali: bhaginī
- → Khmer: ភគិនី (phɔɔkinii)
- → Lao: ພະຄິນີ (pha khi nī)
- → Thai: ภคินี
Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (*bhaiṇī), *𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (*bahiṇī)
- Old Gujarati: बहिन (bahina)
  - Dhundari: भैण
  - Gujarati: બહેન (bahen)
  - Malvi: भेन (bhen)
  - Mewari: बेन (ben), बहिन (bahin)
- Kachchi: ભેણ (bheṇ)
- Hindi: बहन (bahan)
- → Hindi: भगिनी (bhaginī)
- Punjabi: ਭੈਣ (bhaiṇ)
- Romani: phen, pheny, phej, phey
  - Angloromani: pen, pan, pey
  - Balkan Romani: phen, pen
  - Baltic Romani: phen, phên
  - Carpathian Romani: phen, pheň
  - Kalo Finnish Romani: pheen
  - Sinte Romani: phen, pen
  - Vlax Romani: phen, pen; phej; pheň
  - Welsh Romani: phen
- Nepali: बहिनी (bahinī)
- Rajasthani: भैण
→ Tamil: பகினி (pakiṉi)
→ Telugu: భగిని (bhagini)
→ Malayalam: ഭഗിനി (bhagini)

References edit

Monier Williams (1899) “भगिनी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 744/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 361
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 460

^ Ghurye, G. S. (1955). Family and Kin in Indo-European Culture. United Kingdom: Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press, p. 26
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhaginī”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 531

[1] Ghurye, G. S. (1955). Family and Kin in Indo-European Culture. United Kingdom: Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press, p. 26

[2] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhaginī”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 531

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